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90527 -
Human Anatomy
(objectives)
The Human Anatomy course aims to illustrate the morphological characteristics of all the structures composing the human body, following a regional approach, in order to provide the knowledge needed to study disciplines that analyze functional aspects.
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De Luca Ciro
( syllabus)
HEAD AND NECK
- Main palpable and imaging features of the skull and cervical region of the spine.
- Macroscopic/microscopic anatomy of head and neck regions with skeletal and muscular systems, neurovascular, venous networks and lymphatic drainage of: cranial fossae, external surface of the skull, oral cavity and tongue, tonsils, soft palate, pharynx, salivary glands, larynx and trachea, thyroid and parathyroid glands, contents of the carotid sheath, ear and pharyngotympanic tube, eyes, eyelids and conjunctiva, nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses, upper airways, description of the fasciae and fascial spaces of the neck and the lymphatic drainage pathways with clinical references.
- Surface anatomy: territories of distribution of the cranial nerves, location and functions of the muscles of the head and neck and their innervation, landmarks with particular attention to interventional procedures and to the vascular segments most exposed to damage and accessible by objective examination and techniques of Doppler ultrasound, in addition to venous access points.
THORAX
- Main surface and radiological characteristics of the chest wall and anatomy of the intercostal spaces, diaphragm and functional anatomy of ventilation.
- Macroscopic/microscopic anatomy of lower airways and pleural cavities and lungs, including neurovascular supply and lymphatic drainage.
- Major divisions of the mediastinum and their contents, anatomy of the heart and great vessels of the thorax, including their surface and projections on the chest wall.
- Arrangement of the coronary arteries, location and function of the heart valves. Course of the large structures that pass between the neck and thorax and of those that run through the diaphragm between thorax and abdomen, distribution of the phrenic and intercostal nerves.
ABDOMEN
- Surface anatomy of the anterior and posterior abdominal walls and of the inguinal region.
- Anatomy and anatomo-clinical relationships of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine including the appendix, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, ureters and adrenal glands.
- Distribution of the vascular tree to the different segments of the alimentary canal and abdominal organs. Organization of the peritoneum, meaning and distribution of ligaments.
- Portal circulation and accessory portal circles.
- Lymphatic drainage and innervation of the abdominal organs.
- Anatomy of the subhepatic and subphrenic spaces.
PELVIC REGION
- Position, course, anatomo-clinical relationships of ureters, bladder, urethra, rectum and anal canal structure of the pelvic floor, anatomy of continence, defecation and urination in the two sexes.
- Anatomy of the genital system in the male (scrotum, testis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, penis) and in the female sex (ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, labia majora, clitoris), anatomy of the birth canal and diameters.
- Relations of the peritoneum and ligament systems with the pelvic viscera.
- Arterial distribution, venous drainage, lymphatic drainage and innervation of the pelvic organs.
( reference books)
Gray’s Anatomy (latest edition) Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
ATLAS: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Frank H. Netter (latest edition) Elsevier.
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Cesarini Valeriana
( syllabus)
BACK
- Topographic anatomy; skeletal structure: vertebrae, intervertebral foramina, posterior spaces between the vertebral arches, curvatures of the vertebral column, joints: joints between the vertebrae, ligaments (anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, yellow, supraspinatus, nuchal, interspinous).
- Back musculature with only nomenclature of the structures of the superficial, intermediate and deep planes and general information on the thoracolumbar fascia.
- Spinal cord: Blood vessels, meninges, details on the organization of the meningeal and nerve structures in the spinal canal, spinal nerves.
UPPER LIMB
Anatomy of the region.
Shoulder (bones, joints, muscles, main vessels and nerves). The armpit and its contents.
Arm (bones, muscles, vessels and nerve, elbow).
Forearm (bones, joints, muscles, vessels and nerve).
Hand (bones, joints, wrist, muscles, vessels and nerve).
LOWER LIMB
Anatomy of the region.
The hip (bony pelvis, proximal femur, hip joint, vessels and nerves).
Gluteal region (with extremely superficial notes on: vessels and nerves).
Thigh (bones, muscles, vessels and nerves, knee joint, popliteal fossa).
Leg (bones, joints, compartments - anterior, posterior and lateral).
Foot (bones, joints, tarsal tunnel, retinacles and arrangement of the main structures in the ankle region, arches and plantar aponeuroses, vessels and nerves).
( reference books)
Gray’s Anatomy (ultima edizione) Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
ATLAS: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Frank H. Netter (ultima edizione) Elsevier.
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Sciamanna Giuseppe
( syllabus)
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Spinal cord, brain stem, diencephalon, cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, meninges, ventricles, spinal nerves and nerve plexuses, cranial nerves
BACK
-Topographic anatomy; skeletal structure: vertebrae, intervertebral foramina, posterior spaces between the vertebral arches, curvatures of the vertebral column, joints: joints between the vertebrae, ligaments (anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, yellow, supraspinatus, nuchal, interspinous).
-Back musculature with only nomenclature of the structures of the superficial, intermediate and deep planes and general information on the thoracolumbar fascia.
-Spinal cord: Blood vessels, meninges, details on the organization of the meningeal and nerve structures in the spinal canal, spinal nerves.
UPPER LIMB
-Anatomy of the region.
-Shoulder (bones, joints, muscles, main vessels and nerves). The armpit and its contents.
-Arm (bones, muscles, vessels and nerve, elbow).
-Forearm (bones, joints, muscles, vessels and nerve).
-Hand (bones, joints, wrist, muscles, vessels and nerve).
LOWER LIMB
-Anatomy of the region.
-The hip (bony pelvis, proximal femur, hip joint, vessels and nerves). Gluteal region (with extremely superficial notes on: vessels and nerves).
-Thigh (bones, muscles, vessels and nerves, knee joint, popliteal fossa).
-Leg (bones, joints, compartments - anterior, posterior and lateral).
-Foot (bones, joints, tarsal tunnel, retinacles and arrangement of the main structures in the ankle region, arches and plantar aponeuroses, vessels and nerves).
( reference books)
Gray’s Anatomy (latest edition) Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
ATLAS: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Frank H. Netter (latest edition) Elsevier.
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Papa Michele
( syllabus)
HEAD AND NECK
-Main palpable and imaging features of the skull and cervical region of the spine.
-Macroscopic/microscopic anatomy of head and neck regions with skeletal and muscular systems, neurovascular, venous networks and lymphatic drainage of: cranial fossae, external surface of the skull, oral cavity and tongue, tonsils, soft palate, pharynx, salivary glands, larynx and trachea, thyroid and parathyroid glands, contents of the carotid sheath, ear and pharyngotympanic tube, eyes, eyelids and conjunctiva, nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses, upper airways, description of the fasciae and fascial spaces of the neck and the lymphatic drainage pathways with clinical references.
-Surface anatomy: territories of distribution of the cranial nerves, location and functions of the muscles of the head and neck and their innervation, landmarks with particular attention to interventional procedures and to the vascular segments most exposed to damage and accessible by objective examination and techniques of Doppler ultrasound, in addition to venous access points.
( reference books)
Gray’s Anatomy (latest edition) Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
ATLAS: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Frank H. Netter (latest edition) Elsevier.
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10
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BIO/16
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100
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Basic compulsory activities
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ENG |
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90528 -
Histology
(objectives)
Aim of the integrated course of Histology is to provide students with knowledge on the physiological organization and development of cells and tissues. During the Histology lectures fundamentals of cytology are discussed for the full understanding of the organization of tissues and their development. The organization of cells and extracellular matrix and their association in the organization of the different tissues is illustrated and discussed, together with the standard histological procedures, including microscopy approaches (optics, fluorescence and electronics), as a tool for the study of structure and development of the human organism.
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Lacconi Valentina
( syllabus)
ELEMENTS OF CYTOLOGY
-Structural-functional organization of the eukaryotic cell.
-Plasma membrane.
-Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
-Golgi apparatus and vesicle trafficking.
-Lysosomes and peroxisomes.
-Mitochondria.
-Cytoskeleton and centrioles.
-Nuclear membrane.
-Nuclear matrix.
-Chromatin. Nucleolus.
PRACTICE HISTOLOGY
Through the use of the optic microscope students will have to identify histological specimens, describe their organization, and correlate structure with function, at cellular and tissue level. Histological specimens to be studied are:
-Simple boundary epithelium: squamous (mesothelium, endothelium), cuboidal (glandular ducts) and columnar (intestine) epithelia.
-Stratified boundary epithelium: squamous (esophagus) and keratinized squamous (epidermis) epithelia
- Pseudostratified epithelium (trachea)
- Transitional epithelium (ureter)
- Glandular epithelium: intraepithelial, unicellular glands (the goblet cell); examples of exocrine (salivary glands) and endocrine (thyroid, parathyroids) glands; exo/endocrine gland: the pancreas.
- Connective tissue: loose connective tissue (trachea, intestine and esophagus); dense irregular connective tissue (the skin); dense regular connective tissue
(tendons).
- Supportive connective tissues: tracheal cartilage and compact bone (ground and H&E).
- Blood smear.
- Lympho-epithelial tissue of the thymus.
- Skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle tissues.
- Nerve tissue: section of the spinal cord.
( reference books)
- Ross M.H. and W. Pawlina: Histology a text and atlas, sixth edition. Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Schoenwolf, Bleyl, Bauer and Francis-West: Larsen's Human Embryology, 5th edition.
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Campagnolo Luisa
( syllabus)
EMBRYOLOGY
-Spermatogenesis.
-Hormonal control of spermatogenesis.
-Folliculogenesis and oogenesis.
-Hormonal control of folliculogenesis and oogenesis.
-Ovarian and uterine cycles.
-Fertilization.
-First week of development and embryo implantation.
-Second week of development and the formation of embryonic disk.
-Third week of development and the formation of primitive layers: endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm.
-The notochord and its role in embryo development.
-Fourth week of development and the embryonic folding and body cavities.
-Placenta and extraembryonic membranes.
-Organogenesis. Development of face and buccal cavity
( reference books)
- Ross M.H. and W. Pawlina: Histology a text and atlas, sixth edition. Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Schoenwolf, Bleyl, Bauer and Francis-West: Larsen's Human Embryology, 5th edition.
-
Massimiani Micol
( syllabus)
HISTOLOGY
-Introduction to tissues and their study.
-Embryonic and adult stem cells, reprogramming of somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells (iPS): concepts, definition and potential for tissue regeneration and repair.
-Cell differentiation and histogenesis of tissues.
-Epithelia: cell surface specializations and cell polarity. Lining epithelia. Glands (endocrine and exocrine).
-Connective tissues: general structure and function of connective tissue; extracellular matrix, fibers, ground substance and cells.
-Cartilage: types of cartilage; chondrogenesis and cartilage growth.
-Bone: bone structure and function. Osteogenesis; bone remodelling and homeostasis.
-Blood: plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes, platelets. Hemopoiesis.
-Immune system and lymphatic organs.
-Muscle tissues: structure and function of the skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle.
-Nervous tissue: neurons. Neuroglia. Nerve fibers. Synapses. Neuro-muscular junction.
PRACTICE HISTOLOGY
Through the use of the optic microscope students will have to identify histological specimens, describe their organization, and correlate structure with function, at cellular and tissue level. Histological specimens to be studied are:
-Simple boundary epithelium: squamous (mesothelium, endothelium), cuboidal (glandular ducts) and columnar (intestine) epithelia.
-Stratified boundary epithelium: squamous (esophagus) and keratinized squamous (epidermis) epithelia
-Pseudostratified epithelium (trachea)
-Transitional epithelium (ureter)
-Glandular epithelium: intraepithelial, unicellular glands (the goblet cell); examples of exocrine (salivary glands) and endocrine (thyroid, parathyroids) glands; exo/endocrine gland: the pancreas.
-Connective tissue: loose connective tissue (trachea, intestine and esophagus); dense irregular connective tissue (the skin); dense regular connective tissue (tendons).
-Supportive connective tissues: tracheal cartilage and compact bone (ground and H&E)
-Blood smear
-Lympho-epithelial tissue of the thymus
-Skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle tissues
-Nerve tissue: section of the spinal cord
( reference books)
- Ross M.H. and W. Pawlina: Histology a text and atlas, sixth edition. Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Schoenwolf, Bleyl, Bauer and Francis-West: Larsen's Human Embryology, 5th edition.
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Klinger Francesca
( syllabus)
EMBRYOLOGY
-Spermatogenesis.
-Hormonal control of spermatogenesis.
-Folliculogenesis and oogenesis.
-Hormonal control of folliculogenesis and oogenesis.
-Ovarian & uterine cycles.
-Fertilization.
-First week of development and embryo implantation.
-Second week of development and the formation of embryonic disk.
-Third week of development and the formation of primitive layers: endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm.
-The notochord and its role in embryo development.
-Fourth week of development and the embryonic folding and body cavities.
-Placenta and extraembryonic membranes.
-Organogenesis. Development of face and buccal cavity.
( reference books)
- Ross M.H. and W. Pawlina: Histology a text and atlas, sixth edition. Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Schoenwolf, Bleyl, Bauer and Francis-West: Larsen's Human Embryology, 5th edition.
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8
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BIO/17
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80
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-
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Basic compulsory activities
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ENG |
