| General and clinical pathology
(objectives)
The course of General and Clinical Pathology aims to provide students with the notions of general pathology and clinical pathology, also in the field of laboratory diagnosis. The student must learn the molecular mechanisms of cell damage, the response of the cell and the organism to damage, the molecular basis of the neoplastic transformation and progression, and some of the main disease markers that can be measured in a clinical laboratory. In addition, the student has to know the main techniques of molecular biology, flow cytometry and cytogenetics for the diagnosis and monitoring of blood diseases and the role of laboratory activities for an integrated clinical management of the hematological patient. These objectives will be achieved through lectures designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to address and resolve the main questions of general, cellular and clinical pathology and the diagnostic questions from the oncohematology laboratory, which the student will have to face during his future activity.
|
|
Code
|
90331 |
|
Language
|
ITA |
|
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
| Module: General and cellular pathology
(objectives)
The integrated teaching of general and clinical pathology aims to provide the student with the fundamentals of knowledge and understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases and the analytical procedures used in laboratory diagnosis. • The General and Cellular Pathology module will give the student the main notions of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying homeostatic alterations, the response to cell and tissue damage, and the molecular basis of neoplastic transformation and progression. • The Clinical Pathology and Immunohaematology module will provide the student with the fundamentals of the main laboratory methods applicable to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of pathogenetic determinants and significant biological processes in medicine. Acquisition of the ability to correctly apply the methodologies to detect clinical, functional, and laboratory findings, interpreting them critically also from a physiopathological point of view, for diagnosis and prognosis; ability to assess cost/benefit ratios in the choice of diagnostic procedures, taking into account the requirements of both correct clinical methodology and the principles of evidencebased medicine • The Technical Sciences of Laboratory Medicine module will provide notions of molecular biology, flow cytometry, and cytogenetics's main techniques for diagnosing and monitoring blood diseases and the relevance of laboratory activities for integrated clinical management of the hematological patient. By the end of the integrated teaching, the student will have acquired the ability to address the main questions of general and cellular pathology and the basic elements in the clinical diagnosis of the main diseases. By applying the experimental method, the student will be able to analyze and correctly interpret experimental data both in the field of health care and in research and to cooperate in clinical reasoning.
|
|
Language
|
ITA |
|
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
|
Credits
|
2
|
|
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
|
MED/04
|
|
Contact Hours
|
20
|
|
Type of Activity
|
Core compulsory activities
|
|
Teacher
|
Capuano Cristina
(syllabus)
Etiology. Health and Diseases: definitions. Concepts of etiology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology. Etiologically-based classified diseases: intrinsic, extrinsic, and multifactorial diseases (examples). Cellular Pathology. Cellular responses to stress and damaging stimuli. Cellular adaptations of growth and differentiation: hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy, metaplasia. Reversible and irreversible cell injury. Mechanisms of cell damage. Irreversible cell damage. Necrosis, types of necrosis. Apoptosis: causes, mechanisms, and examples of apoptosis. Inflammation. Acute Inflammation: stimuli, vascular changes, and cellular events. Exudate classification. Chemical mediators of inflammation. Outcomes of acute inflammatory response. Chronic Inflammation: causes and morphological features. Interstitial and granulomatous inflammation. Pathogenesis of granuloma. Systemic effects of inflammation: leukocytosis, acute phase proteins, ESR, fever, type of fever, and septic shock. Mechanisms of tissue repair. Regeneration. Pathogenesis of healing and fibrosis. Wound Healing. Neoplasia. Biological and clinical classification criteria. Biological characteristics: proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis. Oncogenes and oncosuppressors.
(reference books)
Textbooks for General and Cellular Pathology module: • Maier JAM: Patologia generale e fisiopatologia, II edizione, McGraw-Hill, 2014 • V.Kumar, A.K. Abbas, J.C. Aster, A.T. Deyrup- Robbins Elementi di Patologia e Fisiopatologia, IV edizione Edra • Damjanov, Pathology for the Health Professions, 5th Edition, Elsevier; ISBN: 9780323357210; 2016. Learning materials and suggested specific readings will be provided by the teacher and available on the university’s WebApp
|
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
|
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
|
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
|
Evaluation methods
|
Written test
Oral exam
|
|
|
| Module: Clinical pathology and immunohematology
(objectives)
The integrated teaching of general and clinical pathology aims to provide the student with the fundamentals of knowledge and understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases and the analytical procedures used in laboratory diagnosis. • The General and Cellular Pathology module will give the student the main notions of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying homeostatic alterations, the response to cell and tissue damage, and the molecular basis of neoplastic transformation and progression. • The Clinical Pathology and Immunohaematology module will provide the student with the fundamentals of the main laboratory methods applicable to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of pathogenetic determinants and significant biological processes in medicine. Acquisition of the ability to correctly apply the methodologies to detect clinical, functional, and laboratory findings, interpreting them critically also from a physiopathological point of view, for diagnosis and prognosis; ability to assess cost/benefit ratios in the choice of diagnostic procedures, taking into account the requirements of both correct clinical methodology and the principles of evidencebased medicine • The Technical Sciences of Laboratory Medicine module will provide notions of molecular biology, flow cytometry, and cytogenetics's main techniques for diagnosing and monitoring blood diseases and the relevance of laboratory activities for integrated clinical management of the hematological patient. By the end of the integrated teaching, the student will have acquired the ability to address the main questions of general and cellular pathology and the basic elements in the clinical diagnosis of the main diseases. By applying the experimental method, the student will be able to analyze and correctly interpret experimental data both in the field of health care and in research and to cooperate in clinical reasoning.
|
|
Language
|
ITA |
|
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
|
Credits
|
3
|
|
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
|
MED/05
|
|
Contact Hours
|
30
|
|
Type of Activity
|
Core compulsory activities
|
|
Teacher
|
Consalvi Silvia
(syllabus)
Introduction to clinical pathology and laboratory tests. Definition, limits, and purposes of Laboratory Medicine. The report, reference intervals. Pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phases. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision of laboratory tests. The Blood. Formed elements of blood. Blood count and related disorders. Micro, normal, and macrocytic anemias. Hemostatic process, hemorrhagic and thrombotic diatheses. The laboratory in the evaluation of hemostatic function. Blood groups. Transfusion medicine. Markers of inflammation. Immunological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. The Liver. Evaluation of hepatic biosynthetic and detoxifying functions and structural integrity en-zymes. Jaundice. The Kidney. Pathophysiological evaluation of the kidney and urinary system. Tests for the evaluation of renal function at the glomerular and tubular levels. Urine test. Laboratory diagnosis of Diabetes. Prediabetes, Type I/II Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes. Glycemic blood. Glycemic curve. Laboratory diagnosis of Dyslipoproteinemias. Lipemia, triglycerides, and cholesterol.
(reference books)
Textbooks for Clinical Pathology and Immunohematology module: • Medicina di laboratorio. Logica e patologia clinica. Elio Gulletta, Italo Antonozzi – Piccin 2019. • Medicina di laboratorio. La diagnosi di malattia nel laboratorio clinico. Michael Laposata – Piccin 2020. Learning materials and suggested specific readings will be provided by the teacher and available on the university’s WebApp
|
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
|
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
|
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
|
Evaluation methods
|
Written test
Oral exam
|
|
|
| Module: Technical sciences of laboratory medicine
(objectives)
The integrated teaching of general and clinical pathology aims to provide the student with the fundamentals of knowledge and understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases and the analytical procedures used in laboratory diagnosis. • The General and Cellular Pathology module will give the student the main notions of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying homeostatic alterations, the response to cell and tissue damage, and the molecular basis of neoplastic transformation and progression. • The Clinical Pathology and Immunohaematology module will provide the student with the fundamentals of the main laboratory methods applicable to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of pathogenetic determinants and significant biological processes in medicine. Acquisition of the ability to correctly apply the methodologies to detect clinical, functional, and laboratory findings, interpreting them critically also from a physiopathological point of view, for diagnosis and prognosis; ability to assess cost/benefit ratios in the choice of diagnostic procedures, taking into account the requirements of both correct clinical methodology and the principles of evidencebased medicine • The Technical Sciences of Laboratory Medicine module will provide notions of molecular biology, flow cytometry, and cytogenetics's main techniques for diagnosing and monitoring blood diseases and the relevance of laboratory activities for integrated clinical management of the hematological patient. By the end of the integrated teaching, the student will have acquired the ability to address the main questions of general and cellular pathology and the basic elements in the clinical diagnosis of the main diseases. By applying the experimental method, the student will be able to analyze and correctly interpret experimental data both in the field of health care and in research and to cooperate in clinical reasoning.
|
|
Language
|
ITA |
|
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
|
Credits
|
2
|
|
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
|
MED/46
|
|
Contact Hours
|
20
|
|
Type of Activity
|
Core compulsory activities
|
|
Teacher
|
Divona Mariadomenica
(syllabus)
Introduction to integrated oncohaematology diagnostics. Diagnosis and classification of leukemia. Cytofluorimetric techniques. Molecular biology. Traditional cytogenetics. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Separation of mononuclear cells. Isolation from bone marrow aspirate and peripheral blood (Ficoll). Cell counting by using cell counting chambers Nucleic Acid extraction. Automatic extraction. Home Made Tecniques. RT-PCR: basic principles and technical aspects. PCR application in oncohaematology. Real-time PCR basis and application for the monitoring of minimal residual disease. Rapid diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Electrophoretic techniques. Agarose gel electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Case-Report in the validation of analytical data.
(reference books)
Technical Sciences of Laboratory Medicines module • Learning materials and suggested specific readings will be provided by the teacher and available on the university’s WebApp
|
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
|
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
|
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
|
Evaluation methods
|
Written test
Oral exam
|
|
|
|