• Structure of DNA and RNA,
• Chemical-physical properties of nucleic acids and nucleotides.
• Topological properties of DNA.
• Supercoiling of DNA, euchromatin and heterochromatin,
• Structure of chromatin, histones, nucleosomes.
• Epigenetic modifications of histone tails and chromatin conformation, histone acetylase and deacetylase. DNA and histone methylation.
• Genomic structure in eukaryotes. Genome and exome. DNA replication.
• Semiconservative and bidirectional synthesis of DNA.
• Mechanism of action of DNA polymerases.
• Correction of errors during polymerization. Duplication of leading and lagging strands, Okazaki fragments.
• Enzymes and proteins involved in DNA replication. Telomeres and telomerase.
• Transcription, promoter of RNA pol II in eukaryotes.
• Basal and specific/regulatory transcription factors.
• Promoter, enhancer, silencer. Assembly of transcription complexes and role of transcription factors.
• Regulation of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• Exons and introns. Maturation of eukaryotic rRNA, siRNA and miRNA.
• mRNA maturation: capping, polyadenylation, splicing.
• The spliceosome complex. RNA interference and MicroRNAs. Long non-coding RNA.
• The genetic code: codons, universality, degeneration and synonymous codons, reading phase.
• Protein synthesis (translation). Activation of amino acids, aminoacyl synthetase.
• Initiation, elongation and termination of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, with initiation, elongation and termination factors.
• Primary, secondary and tertiary structure of proteins.
• Intrinsically disordered proteins.
• Electrophoretic techniques, SDS-PAGE, Northern Blot and Western Blot,
• Acrylamide and agarose gel.

● Bruce Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell”, VII ed., WW Norton & Co.
● Michael M. Cox, Jennifer Doudna, Michael O'Donnell. Biologia Molecolare. Principi e tecniche, Zanichelli 2013
● Teaching material provided by the teacher during the lessons

Introduction to Clinical Molecular Biology: molecular medicine and molecular diagnostics, appropriateness of laboratory medicine and diagnostic process
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Organization of the diagnostic laboratory: sectors of the laboratory, use of the laboratory, interpretation of results, sources of variability, types and collection of the clinical sample
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Molecular biomarkers: characteristics, definition and interpretation of molecular biomarkers.
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Analytical techniques to discriminate, identify and amplify nucleic acids and examples of clinical application: agarose gel electrophoresis, PCR, gene sequencing (Sanger method), hybridization (southern blot, northern blot, in situ hybridization, etc.. ), recombinant DNA and microarray.
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Electrophoretic techniques for protein analysis: SDS-PAGE, 2D Electrophoresis, Western
UniCamillus – Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences – Via di Sant’Alessandro 8 - 00131 Roma
www.unicamillus.org info@unicamillus.org PEC: unicamillus@pec.it Tel. +39 06 40 06 40 Codice Fiscale 97962900581 P.Iva. 15031161001
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Blot
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Genome editing and gene therapy concept: Development and application of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, Viral Vectors and Gene Therapy
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Introduction to omics science and holistic approach, concepts of Genome, Transcriptome and Proteome
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Human Genome Project and genome annotations
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Next Generation Sequencing and clinical applications of gene sequencing
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Transcriptomics, RNA sequencing and clinical applications
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Proteome analysis and clinical applications

Clinical Molecular Biology
●
Bruce Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell”, VII ed., WW Norton & Co.
Alternatively:
●
Michael M. Cox, Jennifer Doudna, Michael O'Donnell. Biologia Molecolare. Principi e tecniche, Zanichelli 2013
●
Teaching material provided by the teacher during the lessons

- Introduction to clinical pathology and evaluation of laboratory tests
- Complete blood count and related disorders
- The laboratory in the evaluation of the haemostatic function
- Outline of transfusion medicine
- Inflammation biomarkers
- Principles of the immunological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases.
- Biochemical indicators of liver function and damage, jaundice
- Parameters of function and renal damage
- The laboratory in the diagnostic evaluation of diabetes
- Laboratory diagnosis of dyslipoproteinemias

● Laposata's Laboratory Medicine Diagnosis of Disease in Clinical Laboratory 3rd Edition – LANGEC – Mc Graw Hill 2018
● Teaching material provided by the teacher during the lessons