General virology:
Nature, origin and morphology of viruses.
Multiplication of animal viruses, virus-cell interaction.
Routes of transmission of viral infections.
Classification of viruses.
State of persistence and latency of the genome in the host cell.
Viral oncogenesis.
Immune response to viral infection and interferons.
Principles of virological diagnostics.
Antiviral drugs and vaccines.

Special Virology:
Adenovirus, Herpesvirus, Poxivirus, Papovavirus, Parvovirus, Picornavirus, Orthomyxovirus, Paramyxovirus, Coronavirus, Rhabdovirus, Togavirus and notes on zoonotic viruses. Hepatitis Viruses (A, B, C, Delta, E). Retroviruses and HIV. RNA and DNA oncogenic viruses. Prions

- Teaching materials provided by professors
- Marsh, Filippo D.; Lewis, Michael A. O.; Rogers, Elena; Williams, David; Wilson, Melanie. Marsh and Martin's Oral Microbiology Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S.; Pfaller, Michael A.. Medical Microbiology. Elsevier Science Health Science, IX edition, 2020.

General Bacteriology:
Criteria for bacterial taxonomy and classification. The architecture of the bacterial cell : the bacterial chromosome, the cytoplasm, the cytoplasmic membrane, capsule, flagella, pili and fimbriae, spores. Bacterial staining. Gram positive and gram negative bacteria.. Metabolism and bacterial growth. Bacterial genetics: chromosome and plasmids. The transfer of genetic material : transformation, transduction and bacterial conjugation. The pathogenic activity of bacteria. The bacterial adhesiveness, the ability to invade hosts, the production of toxins. The role of innate and cell-mediated immunity in bacterial infections. General principles for the diagnosis of bacterial diseases. Antibacterial drugs and their mechanism of action. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibacterial drugs.

Special Bacteriology:
Staphylococci. Streptococci. Pneumococci and Enterococci. Bacilli and Clostridia. Corynebacteria and Listeria. Enterobacteriaceae. Pseudomonas. Vibrio, Helicobacter. Emophili, Bordetella and Brucella. Yersinie . Neisseria. Anaerobic microorganisms. Legionella. Mycobacteria. Spirochetes. Athypical bacteria (Mycoplasma, Rickettsiae, Chlamydiae).

Oral Microbiology:
Oral ecosystem. Main microorganisms of the oral cavity. Acquisition of the microbiota of the oral cavity. Chemical-physical factors. Nutritional factors. Influence of diet on the oral microbiota. Microbial interactions. Habitat of the oral cavity. Plaque formation. Microbiological aspects of dental caries. Microbiological aspects of periodontal diseases

Micology:
Fungi : structure, replication and dimorphism. Mechanisms of fungal pathogenicity.
Fungal infections of medical interest with particular attention to Candidosis

Parasitology:
General characteristics of human parasites.

- Teaching materials provided by professors
- Marsh, Filippo D.; Lewis, Michael A. O.; Rogers, Elena; Williams, David; Wilson, Melanie. Marsh and Martin's Oral Microbiology Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S.; Pfaller, Michael A.. Medical Microbiology. Elsevier Science Health Science, IX edition, 2020.

General Bacteriology:
The architecture of the bacterial cell: bacterial chromosome, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic membrane, capsule, flagella, pili, and fimbriae, as well as spores.
Bacterial staining techniques.
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Bacterial metabolism and growth.
Bacterial genetics: chromosomes and plasmids.
Transfer of genetic material: transformation, transduction, and bacterial conjugation.
The pathogenic activity of bacteria, including bacterial adhesiveness, invasiveness, and toxin production.
The role of innate and cell-mediated immunity in bacterial infections.
General principles for the diagnosis of bacterial diseases.

MICOLOGY
Fungi : structure, replication and dimorphism. Mechanisms of fungal pathogenicity.
Fungal infections of medical interest with particular attention to Candidosis
PARASITOLOGY
General characteristics of human parasites.

- Materiale fornito dai docent.
- Marsh, Filippo D.; Lewis, Michael A. O.; Rogers, Elena; Williams, David; Wilson, Melanie. Marsh and Martin's Oral Microbiology Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S.; Pfaller, Michael A.. Medical Microbiology. Elsevier Science Health Science, IX edition, 2020.

Physical and chemical biological risk: infections, radiation
Standard precautions and those based on the methods of transmission of infections and their application in the various care settings
Types of vaccines, contraindications and precautions for use
Pediatric vaccination calendar/schedule in use in Italy, National Vaccine Plan
Cleaning and sanitization, disinfection and sterilization with particular regard to dental practices
Use of disinfectants, particularly in dental settings
Sterilization and storage processes of sterile instruments
Epidemiology and prevention of the main parenteral transmitted diseases
Epidemiology and prevention of the main airborne diseases
Notes of hospital hygiene

- Teaching materials provided by professors
- Bonita, Ruth, Beaglehole, Robert, Kjellström, Tord & World Health Organization. (2006). Basic epidemiology, 2nd ed. World Health Organization.

HYGIENE AND PUBLIC HEALTH
- Definitions of health and evolution of the concept of health.
- Data sources: national and international data.
- Health indicators: mortality rates, morbidity, population pyramid, birth rate, fertility, life expectancy, population aging measures
- Indirect health indicators: health conditions, international comparisons
- The determinants of health and disease
- Natural history of acute and chronic, communicable and non-communicable diseases.
- Concept of cause, risk factor and determinant.
- Lifestyles, tobacco smoking, alcohol, physical activity, nutrition.
- Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.
- Public health screening and early diagnosis.
- Oral health in international programs: periodontal diseases, caries and mouth cancers
- The health promotion approach: definition, concepts, principles. The main sectors of intervention. Intersectoriality, operational settings.
- Health education
- Healthcare organization and planning: the different health systems.
- Organization and evolution of the Italian central, regional and local healthcare service-SSN
- Planning in the SSN: Health plans and essential levels of assistance
- The main European and international Agencies and Organizations

INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY
- Epidemiological thinking: an introduction. Main measures in epidemiology: frequencies, absolute values, rates, ratios, risk measures. Disease incidence and prevalence rates.
- Concepts of absolute, relative and attributable risk. The main risk factors for degenerative diseases
- Secondary prevention: organized screening
- Objectives and areas of action of epidemiology: descriptive and analytical
- Observational and experimental study design.

- Teaching materials provided by professors
- Bonita, Ruth, Beaglehole, Robert, Kjellström, Tord & World Health Organization. (2006). Basic epidemiology, 2nd ed. World Health Organization.