General principles of pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
Principles of therapy
Principles of toxicology
Active drugs on synapsis and neuroeffective junctions
Neurotransmission
Agonist antagonist muscarinic receptor
Catecholamines, sympathomimetic and adrenergic receptor antagonists
Principles of anesthesiology
Analgesics, opioids
Diuretics
Renine and angiotensin
Drugs for cardiac ischemia treatment
Anti-hypertensive drugs
Pharmacology of gastrointestinal tract
Chemotherapy of infectious diseases
Autacoids, pharmacologic therapy of inflammation

Professor’s notes.

Lipothymia and syncope. Shock. Heart failure. Arrythmias. Acute abdomen. Stroke. Bleeding. Poisonings. Traumas. Epidemics and pandemics. Disaster Medicine.

• Bersten, A. D., Soni, N. (2015). Oh. Manuale di terapia intensiva (6° ed.). Elsevier Masson.
• Tintinalli, J. E., Ma, O. J., Yealy, D. M., Meckler, G. D., Stapczynski, J. S., Cline, D. M., Thomas, S. H., (2019). Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (9° ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
Overview of critical care nursing: Definition of critical care nursing, Evolution of critical care, Professional organizations, Critical care nurse characteristics, Nursing care models in critical care settings, Primary Nursing in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Patient and family response to the critical care experience: The critical care environment, The critically ill patient, Family members of the critically ill patient, Transfer of the critically ill patient.
TOOLS FOR THE CRITICAL CARE NURSE
The use of Early Warning Scores (EWS) for the identification of clinical deterioration
Comfort and Sedation in critical care: Assessment of pain and anxiety, Pain measurement tool, Anxiety and sedation Measurement tools, Continuous monitoring of sedation, Management of pain and anxiety, Substance abuse.
The risk of falls in the ICU
Management of enteral nutrition in critical care: Nursing assessment of Nutritional Status, Enteral Nutrition and enteral access devices, Administering a tube feeding, Drug-Nutrient Interactions, Complications of Nutritional Support.
Management of fluid in critical care: Composition and regulating of body fluid, Intravenous solutions, Intravenous catheters (peripheral and central catheters), Management of venous catheters’ exit site, Intravenous infusion equipment, Devices to control infusions, Adverse events from infusion catheters.
Hemodynamic Monitoring: Hemodynamic monitoring modalities (invasive, non invasive), Direct arterial pressure monitoring. Central venous pressure monitoring.
Ventilatory Assistance in critical care: Physiology of breathing and respiratory mechanics, Nursing respiratory assessment, Arterial blood gas test and its interpretation, Oxygen administration, Oxygen delivery devices, Airway management, Endotracheal intubation, Tracheostomy, Endotracheal suctioning, Mechanical ventilation, Positive-pressure ventilation, Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation, Respiratory monitoring during mechanical ventilation, Complications of mechanical ventilation, Nursing care during mechanical ventilation, Communication during mechanical ventilation, Weaning patients from mechanical ventilation, Extubation.
Rapid response teams and clinical emergency management: Rapid response teams, Basic life support, Advanced cardiac life support, Recognition and treatment of dysrhythmias, Electrical therapy, Pharmacological interventions during an emergency, Documentation of nursing in the critical care setting (PAI – Professional Assessment Instrument).
NURSING CARE DURING SPECIFIC CRITICAL SITUATIONS
The nursing role in the Covid-19 ICU, Chest trauma and nursing management of pleural drainage.

Sole, M. L., Klein, D. G., & Moseley, M. J. (2013). Introduction to Critical Care Nursing (6th ed.). St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier/Saunders.
Berman, A., Snyder, S. J., & Frandsen, G. (2016). Kozier & Erb’s fundamentals of nursing: concepts, process, and practice (10th ed.). Boston: Pearson.

General principles of pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
Principles of therapy
Principles of toxicology
Active drugs on synapsis and neuroeffective junctions
Neurotransmission
Agonist antagonist muscarinic receptor
Catecholamines, sympathomimetic and adrenergic receptor antagonists
Principles of anesthesiology
Analgesics, opioids
Diuretics
Renine and angiotensin
Drugs for cardiac ischemia treatment
Anti-hypertensive drugs
Pharmacology of gastrointestinal tract
Chemotherapy of infectious diseases
Autacoids, pharmacologic therapy of inflammation

Professor’s notes.

- SHOCK
- DIGESTIVE HEMORRHAGE
- ACUTE ABDOMEN
- THORACIC-ABDOMINAL TRAUMA
- NURSING FRAMEWORK OF EMERGENCY SURGUICAL PATIENTS

• Oh. Manuale di terapia Intensiva Bersten AD, Soni NElsevier Masson Editore
• Compendio di Chirurgia per le professioni sanitarie. ESDD – A. Divizia C. Fiorani G. Maggi F. Romano