- Course Introduction. The topics of general pathology (etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology), Concepts of health and disease. Definition of disease, illness and syndrome;
- General Etiology: disease classification based to etiologic agents: congenital and acquired, Pathological effects of physical, chemical and biologic agents. Environmental and genomic pathology;
- Cell Pathology: reaction to damage, cell stress, adaptation. Regressive processes, intra/extracellular accumulation, cell death (necrosis and apoptosis);
- Oncology: Tumor classification, biological characteristics of tumor cells, metastatization, physical and chemical cancerogenesis. Molecular basis of neoplastic transformation: biological cancerogenesis, oncogenes oncosuppressors, therapeutic approaches;
- Pathophysiology of blood: anemias e RBC pathologies;
- Ciculation Pathophysiology: hemostasis, atherosclerosis, edema, embolia, infarct, shock, hypertension;
- Pathophysiology of liver;
- Endocrine Pathophysiology: diabetes;
- Recap of course program and questions.

- Kumar, Abbas, Aster: Robbins Basic Pathology, X Edition, 2017, Elsevier
- A.K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman, S. Pillai: Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System, VI edition, 2019, Elsevier.
- Professors can provide learning materials or suggest specific readings.

- Innate Immunity: acute inflammation, vascular phenomena, diapedesis, exudate classification, cleanup phase, outcomes, chronic inflammation, interstitial and granulomatous. Repair process scarring and fibrosis;
- Adaptive Immunity: principles of immunology and immunopathology:
• Introduction to immune system, general characteristics of innate and adaptive immunity, principal differences.
• Leucocyte circulation and tissue migration.
• Antigen and Antibodies
• Antigen trapping and presentation to lymphocites, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
• Antigen recognition and lymphocite antigen receptor structures.
• Lymphocyites development and generation of antigen-receptor diversity repertoire.
• Cell-mediated Immunity – Activation and function of T-lymphocytes.
• Humoral Immunity - Activation of B-lymphocytes and antibody production.
• Effector mechanismsm of humoral immunity.
• Hypersensibilities and allergies.

- Kumar, Abbas, Aster: Robbins Basic Pathology, X Edition, 2017, Elsevier;
- A.K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman, S. Pillai: Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System, VI edition, 2019, Elsevier;
- Materiale didattico messo a disposizione o consigliato dai Docenti.

Adaptive Immunity: principles of immunology and immunopathology:
• Introduction to immune system, general characteristics of innate and adaptive immunity, principal differences
• Leucocyte circulation and tissue migration
• Antigen and Antibodies
• Antigen trapping and presentation to lymphocites, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules
• Antigen recognition and lymphocite antigen receptor structures
• Lymphocyites development and generation of antigen-receptor diversity repertoire
• Cell-mediated Immunity – Activation and function of T-lymphocytes
• Humoral Immunity - Activation of B-lymphocytes and antibody production
• Effector mechanismsm of humoral immunity
• Hypersensibilities and allergies.

- Kumar, Abbas, Aster: Robbins Basic Pathology, X Edition, 2017, Elsevier
- A.K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman, S. Pillai: Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System, VI edition, 2019, Elsevier.
- Professors can provide learning materials or suggest specific readings.