The student will be able (i) to know the basic macroscopic and optical microscopic anatomical lesions of the main pathologies of the various apparatus and (ii) to understand the role of histological, immunohistochemical and molecular biology investigations in the anatomopathological diagnostic process both in the care diagnostic workflow and in the realization and drafting of basic and applied research projects.
Essential objectives
• the acquisition of basic knowledge of the histopathological characteristics of the main pathologies of the various apparatuses (hemolympopoietic, lungs, breast, thyroid, oesophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, kidneys, bladder, prostate, testicles, cervix, uterus and ovary).
• the acquisition of basic knowledge for performing immunohistochemical reactions
• the acquisition of basic notions for the use of the main antibodies for immunohistochemical reactions
• the acquisition of basic notions for the use of the main detection systems and chromogens in immunohistochemistry
• the acquisition of basic knowledge about the use of the main antibodies used in the pathological diagnostics

The acquisition of the following basic knowledge is an essential objective:
• to evaluate the correct preparation of a cytological samples;
• the criteria used in analyzing cytological samples under the microscope;
• the morphological characteristics of normal, reactive, atypical, dysplastic and neoplastic cells;
• to recognize under the microscope normal and pathological human cells, both in diagnostic and care processes and in the execution and drafting of basic and applied research projects.

Essential objectives
• The acquisition of knowledge of the autopsy technique
• Acquisition of basic knowledge of the main macroscopic alterations of organs detectable at autopsy examination.

The module aims to provide the basic knowledge of "AUTOPSY AND CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS " and " ELEMENTS OF DIGITAL PATHOLOGY" to the students.
In "AUTOPSY AND CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS " are essential objectives:
the acquisition of the knowledge of the definition, history and purpose of the autopsy, the knowledge of the autopsy as a tool for clinical control, the knowledge of the autopsy as a risk management tool, the knowledge of the autopsy as a tool for improving the quality of clinical-assistance pathways, the knowledge of the safety procedures to be adopted during autopsy investigation, the knowledge of the general rules of biosafety in the autopsy room, the knowledge of the value of the autopsy report, the knowledge of post-mortem phenomena.
In " ELEMENTS OF DIGITAL PATHOLOGY" are essential objectives:
the acquisition of the knowledge of the "Digital Slide" and the Technologies for the digitalization of histological slides; the acquisition of the knowledge of the role of Digital Pathology; the acquisition of the knowledge of Telepathology; the acquisition of the knowledge of privacy and data management.

These objectives will be achieved through lectures, exercises and interactive teaching activities.

The essential objectives of the course are: the acquisition of basic knowledge about the main techniques used in the molecular pathology laboratory for the extraction of nucleic acids such as PCR and F.I.S.H. These objectives will be achieved through lectures and interactive teaching activities, designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to solve problems related to the execution of molecular pathology techniques.