• Knowledge of the role of Anatomic Pathology in all clinical settings
• Knowledge of the procedures and the tools for carrying out a macroscopic examination
• Understanding of the principles that are the basis of a cytological and histological diagnosis
Students are expected to work towards meeting the following objectives:
• Knowledge and understanding (Dublin 1): To recognize morphological and functional differences between normal and pathological tissues and to understand, from a structural, morphological and functional perspective, the different types of pathological lesions.
• Applying knowledge and understanding (Dublin 2): Students will be able to interpret data originating from a laboratory of histopathology, to apply principles of diagnostic pathology. Students will be able to recognize the morphological characteristic of different pathological tissue and they will be introduced to the modern concept of personalized therapy
• Making judgments (Dublin 3): Students will be able to integrate pathological findings with clinical manifestations of diseases and to understand the mechanisms underlying signs and symptoms of diseases.
• Communication skills (Dublin 4): To become familiar with essential terminology related to human diseases and to the concepts of disease etiology, pathogenesis, morphological characteristics
• Learning skills (Dublin 5): Students will learn the morphological and functional alterations that pathogens and aberrant stimuli can induce in molecules, cells and tissues and their consequences for the entire organism as well as the basic defensive mechanisms in response to them.
The course is divided into two semesters that provide students with specific knowledge and understanding, as detailed below.
• Knowledge of the role of Anatomic Pathology in clinical settings related to organ disease.
• Knowledge of the procedures and the tools for carrying out a macroscopic examination in the above- mentioned clinical settings.
• Knowledge of the pre-analytical and analytical procedure for processing the material in the above- mentioned clinical settings
• Understanding of the principles on which the histological and cytological diagnosis is based in the above-mentioned clinical settings.

EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES / LEARNING OUTCOMES
The expected learning outcomes are consistent with the general provisions of the Bologna Process and the specific provisions of Directive 2005/36 / EC. They are found within the European Qualifications Framework (Dublin descriptors) as follows:

Knowledge and understanding
The student will have to be able to identify the main anatomic-histological changes caused by the disease in the different organs and systems at the macroscopic, microscopic, ultrastructural and genetic/molecular level.
The student must be able to correlate the anatomic-histological pictures to specific semeiological and clinical pictures.

Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will be able to identify the professional contribution of the pathologist in the diagnostic and therapeutic process of diseases.
Identify the interdependence between Pathological Anatomy, the general / specialist clinic and the diagnostic-instrumental disciplines (Radiology, Immunology, Clinical Chemistry, etc.) and communicate their requests with pathological clinical colleagues, modulating the type of cyto / histopathological analysis based on the clinical pictures of the patients.

Communication skills
At the end of the course, the student must know:
• how to use a specific scientific terminology in a manner consistent with the various contexts of the pathological anatomy laboratory;
• how to orally expose the arguments in an organized and coherent way;
• how to use a scientific language that is adequate and consistent with the topic of the discussion.

Autonomy of judgment
At the end of the course, the student must know:
• how to carry out general assessments relating to the topics covered;
• how to distinguish the specific applications of Pathological Anatomy in articles of scientific literature;
• how to recognize the importance of a thorough knowledge of the topics consistent with an adequate medical education;
• how to identify the fundamental role of a correct theoretical knowledge of the subject in clinical practice.

Learning skills
at the end of the integrated teaching, the student will acquire skills useful to deepen and expand their knowledge in the field of the course, also through the consultation of scientific literature, databases, specialized websites.