Biochemistry, physiology and microbiology
(objectives)
The aim of the integrated teaching of BIOCHEMISTRY, PHYSIOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY is to provide students with the fundamental knowledge relating to the structure of the macromolecules necessary for the functioning and regulation of living organisms and their transformation processes. Put the student in a position to understand the basics of cellular metabolism and the variations induced by exercise. The module also intends to provide the student with the fundamental knowledge relating to the basic concepts of chemistry, the structure of macromolecules underlying the metabolic processes necessary for the functioning and regulation of living organisms: carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids. To enable the student to understand the basics of cellular metabolism. The cellular mechanisms and integrated functions of the main organs and systems aimed at maintaining body homeostasis in the context of changes in the environment will also be analyzed. Knowledge of the structure of the various microorganisms, of the microbial pathogenicity, of the interactions between microorganism and host, of the causes and mechanisms of onset of the main diseases with microbial etiology are essential objectives. The course aims to provide the student with some essential methods used in biochemical practice and the theoretical principles on which these methodologies and their field of application are based.
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Code
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90324 |
Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Module: Physiology
(objectives)
The aim of the teaching is to provide the knowledge of the fundamental physiological mechanisms of human functions. The course includes the acquisition of knowledge on the operating principles of the organs that compose the human body, and their dynamic integration into apparatuses and systems for maintaining body homeostasis in the context of changes in the environment. The course will allow to acquire the ability to independently apply the knowledge of organ and system functioning mechanisms to situations of potential functional alteration. At this regard, the students will also need to know the main indicators and normal parameters of human physiological functions, and the related measurement methods. These objectives will be achieved through lectures, seminars and interactive teaching activities, aimed at facilitating learning and improving the ability to solve simple physiological problems.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/09
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Pellicciari Maria Concetta
(syllabus)
INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOLOGY AND HOMEOSTASIS: Description of physiological mechanism. Structure-Function relationships of the body. Levels of organization in the body. Concept of Homeostasis. Homeostatic Control Systems. CELL PHYSIOLOGY AND PLASMA MEMBRANE: Membrane transport of ions and molecules. Membrane potential and action potentials. Synapses and neuronal integration. Intercellular communication and signal transduction. Neurotransmitters. MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY: Motor unit, neuromuscular junctions. Excitation and contraction of skeletal muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle contraction and mechanics. Physiology of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Functional organization of central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system: afferent and efferent divisions. Role of glia cells. Autonomic nervous system. Integrative functions of nervous system. CARDIAC PHYSIOLOGY: Anatomy and electrical activity of the heart. Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle. Cardiac output and its control. General principles of hemodynamics. Blood vessels and blood pressure. Blood and hemostasis. PHYSIOLOGY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: General principles of endocrinology. Principles of general functioning of hormones. Central and peripheral endocrine glands and their hormones. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis. Control of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Physiology of male and female reproductive system. PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Respiratory anatomy and mechanic. Gas exchange and transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Control of respiration. PHYSIOLOGY OF URINARY SYSTEM: Elements of renal function: kidney and nephron. Glomerular filtration. Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion. Urinary tract. Ureter, bladder and urethra. Urine excretion and plasma clearance. PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Digestive tract and accessory digestive organs. General aspects of digestion. Secretory function of digestive system. Motility of digestive tract. Nutrient digestion and absorption
(reference books)
Sherwood “Human Physiology”. Publisher: Cengage Learning, Inc. Koeppen and Stanton “Berne & Levy Physiology”. Publisher: Elsevier. Guyton and Hall “Textbook of Medical Physiology”. Publisher: Saunders.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
Oral exam
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Module: Biochemistry
(objectives)
To provide the student with the fundamental knowledge related to the structure of the macromolecules envolved in metabolic pathways necessary for the functioning and regulation of living organisms. Make the student to understand the basics of cellular metabolism. To acquire knowledge of the main metabolic pathways and cycles with particular regard to carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism. Understanding the significance of metabolic alterations in non-physiological conditions (prolonged fasting, physical effort).
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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4
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/10
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Contact Hours
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40
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Nicolai Eleonora
(syllabus)
CHEMICAL ELEMENTS : Atoms and molecules Chemical reactions Ionic equilibrium in solution Water Elements of organic chemistry
BIOCHEMISTRY : Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins Digestion
INTRODUCTION TO METASBOLISM : Generality Catabolism Anabolism
(reference books)
Appunti di biochimica. Per le lauree triennali M.V.Catani, V.Gasperi, A.Di Venere , I.Savini , P.Guerrieri , L.Avigliano Piccin editore
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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Teacher
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Lazzarino Giacomo
(syllabus)
Introduction to metabolism – general organization. Catabolism and anabolism. Bioenergetic. Energetically relevant molecules. Use of biochemical energy within the cell. Examples of regulation of metabolic sequences. Glucose as the fuel for energy production. Hormonal control of glucose metabolism. Glycolysis – steps and regulation. The pentose phosphate shunt and its biochemical importance. Degradation of glycogen – glycogen phosphorylase and its hormonal control. Gluconeogenesis and other carbohydrate biosynthetic pathways. Lactic fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. Anaerobic metabolism. Mechanism of pyruvate oxidation – the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The citric acid cycle – role, energetic yield and regulation of the cycle. Oxidative phosphorylation – The mitochondrion as the energetic plant of the cell. The machinery for the electron transport: structure and function of the complexes I, II, III and IV. The electrochemical potential in electron transport. Oxygen utilization. The ATP synthase: structure and mechanism of action. The stoichiometry of electron transport, proton transport, oxygen consumption and ATP production. Brief introduction to mitochondrial dysfunction – mitochondria as generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS, oxidative stress, antioxidants and nutrition. Activation of lipolysis and transport of free fatty acids. Activation and transport of free fatty acids in mitochondria. Lipids catabolism - β-oxidation. Ketogenesis. Synthesis of fatty acids – Regulation of fatty acids metabolism. Cholesterol metabolism. Transamination and transdeamination of amino acids. The urea cycle.
(reference books)
• M.V.Catani, V.Gasperi, A.Di Venere, I.Savini, P.Guerrieri, L.Avigliano. “Appunti di biochimica per le lauree triennali”. Piccin editore • Any other textbook covering the entire program
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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Module: Applied biochemistry
(objectives)
The teaching aims to provide to the students the essentials metodhologies needed to execute the diagnostic methods on biological materials and the theoretical concepts that underlie.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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1
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/12
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Contact Hours
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10
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Montagna Costanza
(syllabus)
Solutions Concentration, molarity, molality, molar ratio, dilution, stoichiometry. Immunochemistry General aspects of the immune system, production of antibodies, immunochemical assays, Elisa, immunohistochemistry. Electrophoretic techniques General principles, supports used in electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), SDS-PAGE, Western blot. Molecular biology techniques General aspects of the genetic, mutations and clinical significance, PCR, sequencing, principle of genomic and NGS sequencing.
(reference books)
- ”Biochemistery”, Terry A. Brown; Scion Publishing.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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Module: Microbiology
(objectives)
Essential learning objectives of the course will be the knowledge of the structure of different microorganisms, of the microbial pathogenicity, of the interactions between micro-organism and host, of the causes and mechanisms of onset of the main microbial aetiology diseases. Furthermore, knowledge on bacterial, viral, mycotic or protozoal aetiology infections will be indispensable in order to understand all methodologies for the laboratory diagnosis of microbial infections during professional activity. These objectives will be achieved through frontal lectures, seminars and interactive teaching activities, designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to address and solve the main questions of Clinical Microbiology.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/07
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Core compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Armenia Daniele
(syllabus)
Basic principles of microbiology Morphology and structure of the bacterial cell Structure of bacterial spores and sporulation process Gram coloring and coloring for acid resistance Metabolism, growth and bacterial replication Sterilization, disinfection, asepsis Structure, replication and mechanisms of fungal pathogenicity Morphology of viral particles Cellular Tropism and Host Spectrum Viral Enzymes Virus classification Phases of viral replication Basic concepts of immune response Natural immune response of host Humoral acquired immune response Cell-mediated acquired immune response Immune responses against infectious agents Interferon mechanisms of action Vaccines and passive immunoprophylaxis Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis Demonstration of causal nature between pathogen and disease: Koch postulates Normal microbial flora of our organism Host-microorganism" interactions: Commensalism - Mutualism - Parasitism Factors influencing the "host - microorganism" balance Modes of transmission of the infection Steps in the infectious process Bacterial virulence factors Mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and interaction with the host Transmission mode Steps in the infectious process Localized and disseminated infection State of persistence and latency Viral Oncogenesis Virus-induced cytopathic effect Alteration of expression of genes and/or cellular proteins
(reference books)
Title: The basics of Microbiology Authors: Richard A. Harvey, Pamela C. Champe Bruce D. Fisher
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
Oral exam
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Module: Technical sciences of laboratory medicine
(objectives)
The main knowledge on the correct organization of a laboratory is essential. the knowledge and correct management of the instruments. Very important goal is knowledge of the main tubes with and without anticoagulants used in a clinical biochemistry laboratory These objectives will be achieved through lectures, interactive teaching, designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to address and resolve the main questions of the clinical biochemistry laboratory
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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1
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/46
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Contact Hours
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10
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Type of Activity
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Core compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Casalino Paolo
(syllabus)
-Organization of a laboratory
-Knowledge of the main laboratory instruments
-Types of tubes (with and without anticoagulants) used in analytical investigations
-Blood count and basic concepts on blood tests
-The various stages of an analytic process
(reference books)
The student will be provided with educational material, such as notes and presentations
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
Oral exam
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