Mathematics, physics and information technology
(objectives)
The Medical Statistics course aims to provide students with the basic notions of physics, statistics and computer science, the purpose of which is teaching the logic of statistical thinking and its application in real practice. The presentation of the topics will be oriented to concrete problems of analysis and research, starting from schematic examples and then confronting real situations taken from the medical literature. The aim of the integrated course of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Science (Medical Physics, Medical Statistics and Computer Science) is to provide students with the knowledge on the foundations of applied physics necessary for the performance of their future activity, the principles of information technology and the principles of physical, applied to their professional profile. In particular, the understanding of the physical principles underlying medical physics and the functioning of medical instrumentation will be addressed.
At the end of the course, students will know the fundamental concepts of application of the scientific method to the study of biomedical phenomena (choice and measurement of parameters, evaluation of errors), they will be able to describe the physical phenomena of complex systems using appropriate mathematical tools, they will know the scientific bases of medical procedures and the operating principles of the equipment commonly used for diagnostics and therapy, as well as to provide the student with the skills necessary to understand the key role that Information Technology (IT) plays for today's society and, in in particular, within the technical-health professions.
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Code
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90322 |
Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Module: Medical physics
(objectives)
The Applied Physics module provides the basic knowledge of the principles of Physics necessary for understanding the functioning of the main systems that make up the human body and for the use of biomedical instrumentation, with particular attention to applications of interest for the degree course. In the teaching units, applications in the biomedical field will be preferred.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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3
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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FIS/07
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Contact Hours
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30
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Guerrisi MariaGiovanna
(syllabus)
APPLIED PHYSICS PHYSICAL QUANTITIES: Operational concept of physical quantity. Fundamental and derivative quantities. Scalar and vector quantities. Systems of measurement units. Measurement of physical quantities. Systematic errors and accidental errors. Sensitivity, precision of a measuring instrument. MOVEMENT: Velocity and acceleration as scalar quantities. Velocity and acceleration as vectors. THE FORCES: The concept of strength and the principle of inertia. The concept of mass is the second principle of dynamics. The weight force is the acceleration of gravity. The third principle of dynamics. Static balance of a material point. Balancing of a system of forces. Friction. Rigid bodies and center of gravity. Moment of a force with respect to a point. Balance of a rigid body. Definition and equilibrium condition of a lever. Various types of leverage. Levers in the human body. WORK AND ENERGY: Work of a force. Work and kinetic energy. The concept of energy. Conservative forces (outline). Potential energy. LIQUIDS: Definition and unit of measurement of pressure. Density and specific weight. Forces acting on a volume of fluid at rest. Stevino Law. Pressure gauges. Pascal's law . THERMOMETRY and GAS: The concept of temperature. The centigrade temperature scale. Expansion thermometers. Clinical thermometer. Absolute temperature scale. The equation of state of perfect gases. HEAT AND INTERNAL ENERGY: The concept of quantity of heat. Heat measurement unit. Thermal capacity of a body and specific heat of a substance. Expression of the amount of heat exchanged by a body. The internal energy of a system. The first principle of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic transformations. State changes. Metabolic power. Energy value of food. Temperature control THE ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA: The electric charge. Conductors and insulators. Electric field and intensity of the electric field. Coulomb law. Unit of measurement of electric charges. Dielectric constant. Electrical p otential and potential difference. Electric capacitors. Electric current and current intensity. The direct current. Energy considerations on electrical circuits. Ohm's law. Electrical resistance and resistivity. Resistance in series and in parallel. Internal resistance of a generator. The thermal energy connected with the Joule effect. Power absorbed by a device. Electrical Safety IONIZING RADIATION: Introduction to radiation. Radiation, radioactive decay, law of radioactive decay. Biological half-life. The most common decays and associated radiation. Interaction of radiation with matter and hints of dosimetry.
(reference books)
•Teacher notes • Gian Marco Contessa- Giuseppe Augusto Marzo ; Fisica applicata alle scienze mediche- Casa Editrice Ambrosiano • Ezio Ragozzino, Elementi di Fisica per studenti di Scienze Biomediche –EdiSES - 2 ediz. • Paul Davidovits: Fisica per le professioni sanitarie- UTET.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
Oral exam
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Module: Medical statistics
(objectives)
The Medical Statistics course aims to introduce students to the logic of statistical thinking and its application in everyday life. The exposition of the topics will be oriented towards concrete problems of analysis and research, starting from schematic examples and then confronting real situations taken from the medical literature. Descriptive Statistics:
the student should be able to : -understand the notion of sampling in relation to defined population and the importance of sample size, understand the notions of distribution, variabillity, mean and median values , confidence intervals ans to prodcue tables and figures based onknowing the various types of diagrams ( whisker plots, box plots),know the eror types in measurements , selction critieria . Furthermore should he be able to use the different types of variables and know their simple classification
Analytical Statistics
The student should know the difference between relative risks and odds ratio, know how to use parametric and non-parametric Student test and the Kruskal Wallis , Mann-Withney tests .He should also know about the existenc of the main medical statitsitcs softwares :SPSS, SAS, R etc.
Statistical Inference
The student should know the meaning of a Gaussian dsitribution and be able to interpretate confidence intervals, standard deviations, standard errors and know as well the concepts of regression and correlation
Diagnostic Accuracy
The student should be able to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, predictive negative and positive values and other measures of accuracy of laboratory tests, also in relation to reference samples . Further should he/she be able to differentiate between pre -and post-test probability and interpretate the significance of ROC curves as well as indentify the different types of bias in tests , the orgin of reference values and the concept of normality and understand the difference between early diagnosis and screening. Finally he /she should know the way to measure the diagnostic test reliability ( Cohens K value, Bland-Altmann plot)
Information Sources and Critical Reading Capacity
The sudent should be able to identify reliable sources of statistical information and present a statistical chapter from a relevant scientific paper
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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3
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/01
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Contact Hours
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30
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Weltert Luca Paolo
(syllabus)
The first part of the course will introduce the logic of statistics and experimental design. The concepts of probability calculation and combinatorial calculation will be introduced or recalled; although theoretically already in possession of the student, these steps are fundamental and will be used in the continuation of the course. In this phase the main probability distributions will be treated, including the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution and the standard Normal and Normal distributions, but more than the single mathematical process,we will try making the student aware of the deep motivation of the medical statistics, as a science, and its application in practice, as well as the risks of its incorrect understanding. In the second part of the course the descriptive statistics and its methodology will be addressed. It will be shown how to recognize the type of data and how to summarize them in appropriate indexes. The student will learn how to calculate position measurements (mean, median, fashion), variability (variance, standard deviation), coefficient of variation (CV), percentiles and their use. It will also make extensive use of practical examples to define a good descriptive statistic and a defective or deceptive descriptive statistic. In the final part of the course the general principles of statistical inference will be treated. Cases of sample distribution, type I and II errors, power of a test and operating curve will be introduced. We will then move on to parametric tests - Student's t-test, ANOVA with 1 and 2 classification criteria, non-parametric tests: - Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test, median test, chi-square test, Fisher exact test. We will also provide the basic concepts of regression and analysis of time dependent variability with mention of Kaplann Meyer functions, log rank and Cox regression.
(reference books)
1) Notes of the lessons 2) Stanton A. Glantz: Statistics for Bio-medical disciplines - ed. McGraw-Hill 3) Sidney Siegel, N. John Castellan Jr.: - Non parametric statistics - ed. McGraw-Hill 4) Resources and links from the Internet with particular reference to the use of the PubMEd portal
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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Teacher
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Pletschette Michel
(syllabus)
The programme will cover all the items detailled in the learning objectives on the basis of concrete examples and numerous exercises
(reference books)
Stanton Glantz : Statistica per scienze biomediche Michael C. Whitlock: Analisi statistica dei dati biologici Practical reference and explanatory sheets to be distributed by the teacher
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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Module: Information technology
(objectives)
The course intends to provide students with the basic knowledge to understand the essential role of Information Technology (IT) in our society, and specifically in the context of health-related technical professions.
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Language
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ITA |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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INF/01
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Bocciarelli Paolo
(syllabus)
• Introduction to IT systems • The hardware part of IT systems (CPU, memory, Input/Output) • The software part of IT systems: system software (operating systems and utility programs), application software (word processing, spreadsheet, database, etc.)
(reference books)
Deborah Morley and Charles S. Parker, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow (16th edition) - Cengage Learning
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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