Aims of Anatomical Pathology. Role of Anatomical Pathology in the diagnostic activity, in
the training of medicine graduates and in the biomedical research.
Notes on the techniques of sectioning, fixation, processing and staining of histological
samples. Importance and use of the various investigation methodologies in Anatomical
Pathology: intraoperative histological examination; application of histochemistry,
immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to diagnostics histopathology.
THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
ESOPHAGUS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Esophagitis, Barrett Esophagus, Benign and malignant tumors.
STOMACH: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Gastritis,
Peptic Ulcer Disease, Benign and malignant tumors.
SMALL and LARGE INTESTINES: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Diverticulitis, Malabsorptive disease, Ischemic bowel disease, Enterocolitis
(toxic, bacterial, viral, parasitic); Pseudomembranous colitis; Inflammatory bowel disease /
IBD (segmental enterocolitis and ulcer-hemorrhagic rectocolitis); Polyps and polyposis;
Benign and malignant tumors.
ANAL TRACT : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hemorrhoids; Benign and malignant tumors.
PERITONEUS: Acute inflammation; Effusions; Benign and malignant tumors.
LIVER and INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology and
physiologic morphology. Acute and chronic hepatitis ; Alcolic and nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, Steatosis, Cirrhosis . Benign and malignant tumors of the liver. Tumors of
intrahepatic biliary tract.
GALLBLADDER and EXTRA-HEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology
and physiologic morphology. Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; Benign and malignant
neoplasms of the gallbladder and the main biliary tract.
PANCREAS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Acute and
chronic pancreatitis; Cystic fibrosis; Cysts and pseudo cysts; Benign and malignant tumors
of the exocrine pancreas.
PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
PITUITARY: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Clinical
Manifestations of Pituitary Disease. Pituitary Adenomas and Hyperpituitarism
(Prolactinomas; Growth Hormone Cell / Somatotroph Adenomas. ACTH Cell Corticotroph
Adenomas. Other Anterior Pituitary Adenomas). Hypopituitarism. Pituitary Carcinoma.
Posterior Pituitary Syndromes. Hypothalamic Suprasellar Tumors (Gliomas.
Craniopharyngiomas).
PINEAL: Pinealomas.
THYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism (Cretinism. Myxedema). Thyroiditis (Hashimoto ThyroiditisSubacute / Granulomatous. Thyroiditis. Subacute Lymphocytic / Painless Thyroiditis).
Graves’ Disease. Diffuse and Multinodular Goiters (Diffuse Nontoxic /Simple Goiter.
Multinodular Goiter). Neoplasms of the Thyroid (Adenomas. Carcinomas).
3PARATHYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperparathyroidism (Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism).
Hypoparathyroidism. Pseudohypoparathyroidism.
ADRENAL: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Adrenal
Cortex: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Hyperadrenalism (Hypercortisolism (Cushing
Syndrome). Primary Hyperaldosteronism. Adrenogenital Syndromes). AdrenocorticalInsufficiency (Primary Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency. Waterhouse-Friderichsen
Syndrome. Primary Chronic Adrenocortical Insufficiency /Addison Disease. Secondary
Adrenocortical Insufficiency). Adrenocortical Neoplasms. Other Lesions of the adrenal
cortex. Adrenal Medulla: Pheochromocytoma. Other Lesions of the adrenal medulla.
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: Diabetes Mellitus. Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms
(Hyperinsulinism / Insulinoma. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome / Gastrinomas).
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYNDROMES (MEN): Type 1; Type 2.
PATHOLOGY OF THE BREAST
Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Inflammatory and
reactive lesions. Benign papillary tumors. Fibroepithelial neoplasm (fibroadenomas and
phylloids tumors). Flat epithelial atypia. Adenosis, ductal hyperplasia, atypical ductal
hyperplasia. In situ carcinoma: ductal and lobular. Invasive carcinomas : no special types
(NST), lobular, tubular, medullary. Prognostic and predictive markers : molecular
classification, endocrine responsive neoplasm, triple negative tumors neoadjuvant
chemotherapy breast changes. Mesenchimal neoplasm. Male breast pathology:
gynecomastia, tumors.
PATHOLOGY OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT
VULVA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
VAGINA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benigndisease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
CERVIX : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease and cytologic screening of the cervix (PAP Test).
Precancerous lesions of the cervix. HPV infections and natural history of cervical
carcinoma. Squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
ENDOMETRIUM : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
pathology, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma. Molecular classification of
endometrial carcinomas. Carcinosarcomas. Stromal tumors.
MYOMETRIUM : leyomiomas. Leyomiosarcomas.
FALLOPPIAN TUBE and OVARY : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Non neoplastic lesions. Epithelial tumors of the ovary. Sex cord stromal tumors
of the ovary. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Metastatic tumors to the ovary.
DISEASES OF THE PLACENTA
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC TUMORS
PATHOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITAL TRACT
PENIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Congenital
Anomalies (Hypospadias and Epispadias. Phimosis). Inflammation. Benign and malignant
tumors.
TESTIS and EPIDIDYMIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Congenital Anomalies (Cryptorchidism). Regressive Changes (Atrophy and Decreased
fertility). Inflammation (Nonspecific epididymitis and orchitis. Granulomatous /autoimmuneorchitis. Specific inflammations). Vascular Disorders (Torsion). Tumors of spermatic cord and
4epididymis. Testicular Tumors (Germ cell tumors. Tumors of sex cord–gonadal stroma.
Gonadoblastoma. Testicular lymphoma). Lesions of tunica vaginalis.
PROSTATE: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Inflammation. Benign Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / BPH or Nodular
Hyperplasia). Tumors (Adenocarcinoma, Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions).

Recommended textbooks:
o Robbins & Cotran Pathologic: Basis of Disease
Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, 10th Ed (2021), Elsevier
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine
7th Ed., Editor David S. Strayer and Emanuel Rubin, 2015, Wolters Kluwer Health
The student will be received additional didactic material, such as presentations and
scientific articles.

Aims of Anatomical Pathology. Role of Anatomical Pathology in the diagnostic activity, in
the training of medicine graduates and in the biomedical research.
Notes on the techniques of sectioning, fixation, processing and staining of histological
samples. Importance and use of the various investigation methodologies in Anatomical
Pathology: intraoperative histological examination; application of histochemistry,
immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to diagnostics histopathology.
THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
ESOPHAGUS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Esophagitis, Barrett Esophagus, Benign and malignant tumors.
STOMACH: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Gastritis,
Peptic Ulcer Disease, Benign and malignant tumors.
SMALL and LARGE INTESTINES: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Diverticulitis, Malabsorptive disease, Ischemic bowel disease, Enterocolitis
(toxic, bacterial, viral, parasitic); Pseudomembranous colitis; Inflammatory bowel disease /IBD (segmental enterocolitis and ulcer-hemorrhagic rectocolitis); Polyps and polyposis;
Benign and malignant tumors.
ANAL TRACT : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hemorrhoids; Benign and malignant tumors.
PERITONEUS: Acute inflammation; Effusions; Benign and malignant tumors.
LIVER and INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology and
physiologic morphology. Acute and chronic hepatitis ; Alcolic and nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, Steatosis, Cirrhosis . Benign and malignant tumors of the liver. Tumors of
intrahepatic biliary tract.
GALLBLADDER and EXTRA-HEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology
and physiologic morphology. Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; Benign and malignant
neoplasms of the gallbladder and the main biliary tract.
PANCREAS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Acute and
chronic pancreatitis; Cystic fibrosis; Cysts and pseudo cysts; Benign and malignant tumors
of the exocrine pancreas.
PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
PITUITARY: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Clinical
Manifestations of Pituitary Disease. Pituitary Adenomas and Hyperpituitarism
(Prolactinomas; Growth Hormone Cell / Somatotroph Adenomas. ACTH Cell Corticotroph
Adenomas. Other Anterior Pituitary Adenomas). Hypopituitarism. Pituitary Carcinoma.
Posterior Pituitary Syndromes. Hypothalamic Suprasellar Tumors (Gliomas.Craniopharyngiomas).
PINEAL: Pinealomas.
THYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism (Cretinism. Myxedema). Thyroiditis (Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Subacute / Granulomatous. Thyroiditis. Subacute Lymphocytic / Painless Thyroiditis).
Graves’ Disease. Diffuse and Multinodular Goiters (Diffuse Nontoxic /Simple Goiter.
Multinodular Goiter). Neoplasms of the Thyroid (Adenomas. Carcinomas).
3PARATHYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperparathyroidism (Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism).
Hypoparathyroidism. Pseudohypoparathyroidism.
ADRENAL: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Adrenal
Cortex: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Hyperadrenalism (Hypercortisolism (Cushing
Syndrome). Primary Hyperaldosteronism. Adrenogenital Syndromes). Adrenocortical
Insufficiency (Primary Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency. Waterhouse-Friderichsen
Syndrome. Primary Chronic Adrenocortical Insufficiency /Addison Disease. Secondary
Adrenocortical Insufficiency). Adrenocortical Neoplasms. Other Lesions of the adrenal
cortex. Adrenal Medulla: Pheochromocytoma. Other Lesions of the adrenal medulla.
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: Diabetes Mellitus. Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms
(Hyperinsulinism / Insulinoma. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome / Gastrinomas).
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYNDROMES (MEN): Type 1; Type 2.
PATHOLOGY OF THE BREAST
Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Inflammatory and
reactive lesions. Benign papillary tumors. Fibroepithelial neoplasm (fibroadenomas and
phylloids tumors). Flat epithelial atypia. Adenosis, ductal hyperplasia, atypical ductal
hyperplasia. In situ carcinoma: ductal and lobular. Invasive carcinomas : no special types
(NST), lobular, tubular, medullary. Prognostic and predictive markers : molecular
classification, endocrine responsive neoplasm, triple negative tumors neoadjuvant
chemotherapy breast changes. Mesenchimal neoplasm. Male breast pathology:
gynecomastia, tumors.
PATHOLOGY OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT
VULVA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
VAGINA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
CERVIX : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease and cytologic screening of the cervix (PAP Test).
Precancerous lesions of the cervix. HPV infections and natural history of cervical
carcinoma. Squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
ENDOMETRIUM : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
pathology, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma. Molecular classification of
endometrial carcinomas. Carcinosarcomas. Stromal tumors.
MYOMETRIUM : leyomiomas. Leyomiosarcomas.
FALLOPPIAN TUBE and OVARY : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Non neoplastic lesions. Epithelial tumors of the ovary. Sex cord stromal tumors
of the ovary. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Metastatic tumors to the ovary.
DISEASES OF THE PLACENTA
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC TUMORS
PATHOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITAL TRACT
PENIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Congenital
Anomalies (Hypospadias and Epispadias. Phimosis). Inflammation. Benign and malignant
tumors.
TESTIS and EPIDIDYMIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Congenital Anomalies (Cryptorchidism). Regressive Changes (Atrophy and Decreased
fertility). Inflammation (Nonspecific epididymitis and orchitis. Granulomatous /autoimmune
orchitis. Specific inflammations). Vascular Disorders (Torsion). Tumors of spermatic cord and
4epididymis. Testicular Tumors (Germ cell tumors. Tumors of sex cord–gonadal stroma.
Gonadoblastoma. Testicular lymphoma). Lesions of tunica vaginalis.
PROSTATE: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Inflammation. Benign Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / BPH or Nodular
Hyperplasia). Tumors (Adenocarcinoma, Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions).

Recommended textbooks:
o Robbins & Cotran Pathologic: Basis of Disease
Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, 10th Ed (2021), Elsevier
5o
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine
7th Ed., Editor David S. Strayer and Emanuel Rubin, 2015, Wolters Kluwer Health
The student will be received additional didactic material, such as presentations and
scientific articles.

Aims of Anatomical Pathology. Role of Anatomical Pathology in the diagnostic activity, in
the training of medicine graduates and in the biomedical research.
Notes on the techniques of sectioning, fixation, processing and staining of histological
samples. Importance and use of the various investigation methodologies in Anatomical
Pathology: intraoperative histological examination; application of histochemistry,
immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to diagnostics histopathology.
THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
ESOPHAGUS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Esophagitis, Barrett Esophagus, Benign and malignant tumors.
STOMACH: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Gastritis,
Peptic Ulcer Disease, Benign and malignant tumors.
SMALL and LARGE INTESTINES: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Diverticulitis, Malabsorptive disease, Ischemic bowel disease, Enterocolitis
(toxic, bacterial, viral, parasitic); Pseudomembranous colitis; Inflammatory bowel disease /
IBD (segmental enterocolitis and ulcer-hemorrhagic rectocolitis); Polyps and polyposis;
Benign and malignant tumors.
ANAL TRACT : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hemorrhoids; Benign and malignant tumors.
PERITONEUS: Acute inflammation; Effusions; Benign and malignant tumors.
LIVER and INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology and
physiologic morphology. Acute and chronic hepatitis ; Alcolic and nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, Steatosis, Cirrhosis . Benign and malignant tumors of the liver. Tumors of
intrahepatic biliary tract.
GALLBLADDER and EXTRA-HEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology
and physiologic morphology. Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; Benign and malignant
neoplasms of the gallbladder and the main biliary tract.
PANCREAS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Acute and
chronic pancreatitis; Cystic fibrosis; Cysts and pseudo cysts; Benign and malignant tumors
of the exocrine pancreas.
PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
PITUITARY: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Clinical
Manifestations of Pituitary Disease. Pituitary Adenomas and Hyperpituitarism
(Prolactinomas; Growth Hormone Cell / Somatotroph Adenomas. ACTH Cell Corticotroph
Adenomas. Other Anterior Pituitary Adenomas). Hypopituitarism. Pituitary Carcinoma.
Posterior Pituitary Syndromes. Hypothalamic Suprasellar Tumors (Gliomas.
Craniopharyngiomas).
PINEAL: Pinealomas.
THYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism (Cretinism. Myxedema). Thyroiditis (Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Subacute / Granulomatous. Thyroiditis. Subacute Lymphocytic / Painless Thyroiditis).
Graves’ Disease. Diffuse and Multinodular Goiters (Diffuse Nontoxic /Simple Goiter.
Multinodular Goiter). Neoplasms of the Thyroid (Adenomas. Carcinomas).
PARATHYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperparathyroidism (Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism).
Hypoparathyroidism. Pseudohypoparathyroidism.
ADRENAL: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Adrenal
Cortex: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Hyperadrenalism (Hypercortisolism (Cushing
Syndrome). Primary Hyperaldosteronism. Adrenogenital Syndromes). Adrenocortical
Insufficiency (Primary Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency. Waterhouse-Friderichsen
Syndrome. Primary Chronic Adrenocortical Insufficiency /Addison Disease. Secondary
Adrenocortical Insufficiency). Adrenocortical Neoplasms. Other Lesions of the adrenal
cortex. Adrenal Medulla: Pheochromocytoma. Other Lesions of the adrenal medulla.
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: Diabetes Mellitus. Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms
(Hyperinsulinism / Insulinoma. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome / Gastrinomas).
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYNDROMES (MEN): Type 1; Type 2.
PATHOLOGY OF THE BREAST
Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Inflammatory and
reactive lesions. Benign papillary tumors. Fibroepithelial neoplasm (fibroadenomas and
phylloids tumors). Flat epithelial atypia. Adenosis, ductal hyperplasia, atypical ductal
hyperplasia. In situ carcinoma: ductal and lobular. Invasive carcinomas : no special types
(NST), lobular, tubular, medullary. Prognostic and predictive markers : molecular
classification, endocrine responsive neoplasm, triple negative tumors neoadjuvant
chemotherapy breast changes. Mesenchimal neoplasm. Male breast pathology:
gynecomastia, tumors.
PATHOLOGY OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT
VULVA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
VAGINA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
CERVIX : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease and cytologic screening of the cervix (PAP Test).
Precancerous lesions of the cervix. HPV infections and natural history of cervical
carcinoma. Squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
ENDOMETRIUM : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
pathology, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma. Molecular classification of
endometrial carcinomas. Carcinosarcomas. Stromal tumors.
MYOMETRIUM : leyomiomas. Leyomiosarcomas.
FALLOPPIAN TUBE and OVARY : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Non neoplastic lesions. Epithelial tumors of the ovary. Sex cord stromal tumors
of the ovary. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Metastatic tumors to the ovary.
DISEASES OF THE PLACENTA
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC TUMORS
PATHOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITAL TRACT
PENIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Congenital
Anomalies (Hypospadias and Epispadias. Phimosis). Inflammation. Benign and malignant
tumors.
TESTIS and EPIDIDYMIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Congenital Anomalies (Cryptorchidism). Regressive Changes (Atrophy and Decreased
fertility). Inflammation (Nonspecific epididymitis and orchitis. Granulomatous /autoimmune
orchitis. Specific inflammations). Vascular Disorders (Torsion). Tumors of spermatic cord and epididymis. Testicular Tumors (Germ cell tumors. Tumors of sex cord–gonadal stroma.
Gonadoblastoma. Testicular lymphoma). Lesions of tunica vaginalis.
PROSTATE: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Inflammation. Benign Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / BPH or Nodular
Hyperplasia). Tumors (Adenocarcinoma, Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions).

Recommended textbooks:
o Robbins & Cotran Pathologic: Basis of Disease
Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, 10th Ed (2021), Elsevier o
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine
7th Ed., Editor David S. Strayer and Emanuel Rubin, 2015, Wolters Kluwer Health
The student will be received additional didactic material, such as presentations and
scientific articles.

Aims of Anatomical Pathology. Role of Anatomical Pathology in the diagnostic activity, in
the training of medicine graduates and in the biomedical research.
Notes on the techniques of sectioning, fixation, processing and staining of histological
samples. Importance and use of the various investigation methodologies in Anatomical
Pathology: intraoperative histological examination; application of histochemistry,
immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to diagnostics histopathology.
THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
ESOPHAGUS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Esophagitis, Barrett Esophagus, Benign and malignant tumors.
STOMACH: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Gastritis,
Peptic Ulcer Disease, Benign and malignant tumors.
SMALL and LARGE INTESTINES: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Diverticulitis, Malabsorptive disease, Ischemic bowel disease, Enterocolitis
(toxic, bacterial, viral, parasitic); Pseudomembranous colitis; Inflammatory bowel disease /
IBD (segmental enterocolitis and ulcer-hemorrhagic rectocolitis); Polyps and polyposis;
Benign and malignant tumors.
ANAL TRACT : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hemorrhoids; Benign and malignant tumors.
PERITONEUS: Acute inflammation; Effusions; Benign and malignant tumors.
LIVER and INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology and
physiologic morphology. Acute and chronic hepatitis ; Alcolic and nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, Steatosis, Cirrhosis . Benign and malignant tumors of the liver. Tumors of intrahepatic biliary tract.
GALLBLADDER and EXTRA-HEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology
and physiologic morphology. Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; Benign and malignant neoplasms of the gallbladder and the main biliary tract.
PANCREAS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Acute and
chronic pancreatitis; Cystic fibrosis; Cysts and pseudo cysts; Benign and malignant tumors
of the exocrine pancreas.
PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
PITUITARY: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Clinical
Manifestations of Pituitary Disease. Pituitary Adenomas and Hyperpituitarism
(Prolactinomas; Growth Hormone Cell / Somatotroph Adenomas. ACTH Cell Corticotroph
Adenomas. Other Anterior Pituitary Adenomas). Hypopituitarism. Pituitary Carcinoma.
Posterior Pituitary Syndromes. Hypothalamic Suprasellar Tumors (Gliomas.
Craniopharyngiomas).
PINEAL: Pinealomas.
THYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism (Cretinism. Myxedema). Thyroiditis (Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Subacute / Granulomatous. Thyroiditis. Subacute Lymphocytic / Painless Thyroiditis).
Graves’ Disease. Diffuse and Multinodular Goiters (Diffuse Nontoxic /Simple Goiter.
Multinodular Goiter). Neoplasms of the Thyroid (Adenomas. Carcinomas).
PARATHYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperparathyroidism (Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism).
Hypoparathyroidism. Pseudohypoparathyroidism.
ADRENAL: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Adrenal
Cortex: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Hyperadrenalism (Hypercortisolism (Cushing
Syndrome). Primary Hyperaldosteronism. Adrenogenital Syndromes). Adrenocortical
Insufficiency (Primary Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency. Waterhouse-Friderichsen
Syndrome. Primary Chronic Adrenocortical Insufficiency /Addison Disease. Secondary
Adrenocortical Insufficiency). Adrenocortical Neoplasms. Other Lesions of the adrenal
cortex. Adrenal Medulla: Pheochromocytoma. Other Lesions of the adrenal medulla.
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: Diabetes Mellitus. Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms
(Hyperinsulinism / Insulinoma. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome / Gastrinomas).
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYNDROMES (MEN): Type 1; Type 2.
PATHOLOGY OF THE BREAST
Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Inflammatory and
reactive lesions. Benign papillary tumors. Fibroepithelial neoplasm (fibroadenomas and
phylloids tumors). Flat epithelial atypia. Adenosis, ductal hyperplasia, atypical ductal
hyperplasia. In situ carcinoma: ductal and lobular. Invasive carcinomas : no special types
(NST), lobular, tubular, medullary. Prognostic and predictive markers : molecular
classification, endocrine responsive neoplasm, triple negative tumors neoadjuvant
chemotherapy breast changes. Mesenchimal neoplasm. Male breast pathology:
gynecomastia, tumors.
PATHOLOGY OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT
VULVA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
VAGINA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
CERVIX : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease and cytologic screening of the cervix (PAP Test).
Precancerous lesions of the cervix. HPV infections and natural history of cervical
carcinoma. Squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
ENDOMETRIUM : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
pathology, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma. Molecular classification of
endometrial carcinomas. Carcinosarcomas. Stromal tumors.
MYOMETRIUM : leyomiomas. Leyomiosarcomas.
FALLOPPIAN TUBE and OVARY : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Non neoplastic lesions. Epithelial tumors of the ovary. Sex cord stromal tumors
of the ovary. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Metastatic tumors to the ovary.
DISEASES OF THE PLACENTA
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC TUMORS
PATHOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITAL TRACT
PENIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Congenital
Anomalies (Hypospadias and Epispadias. Phimosis). Inflammation. Benign and malignant
tumors.
TESTIS and EPIDIDYMIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Congenital Anomalies (Cryptorchidism). Regressive Changes (Atrophy and Decreased
fertility). Inflammation (Nonspecific epididymitis and orchitis. Granulomatous /autoimmune
orchitis. Specific inflammations). Vascular Disorders (Torsion). Tumors of spermatic cord and
4epididymis. Testicular Tumors (Germ cell tumors. Tumors of sex cord–gonadal stroma.
Gonadoblastoma. Testicular lymphoma). Lesions of tunica vaginalis.
PROSTATE: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Inflammation. Benign Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / BPH or Nodular
Hyperplasia). Tumors (Adenocarcinoma, Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions).

Recommended textbooks:
o Robbins & Cotran Pathologic: Basis of Disease
Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, 10th Ed (2021), Elsevier
5o
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine
7th Ed., Editor David S. Strayer and Emanuel Rubin, 2015, Wolters Kluwer Health
The student will be received additional didactic material, such as presentations and
scientific articles.

Aims of Anatomical Pathology. Role of Anatomical Pathology in the diagnostic activity, in
the training of medicine graduates and in the biomedical research.
Notes on the techniques of sectioning, fixation, processing and staining of histological
samples. Importance and use of the various investigation methodologies in Anatomical
Pathology: intraoperative histological examination; application of histochemistry,
immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to diagnostics histopathology.
THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
ESOPHAGUS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Esophagitis, Barrett Esophagus, Benign and malignant tumors.
STOMACH: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Gastritis,
Peptic Ulcer Disease, Benign and malignant tumors.
SMALL and LARGE INTESTINES: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Diverticulitis, Malabsorptive disease, Ischemic bowel disease, Enterocolitis
(toxic, bacterial, viral, parasitic); Pseudomembranous colitis; Inflammatory bowel disease /
IBD (segmental enterocolitis and ulcer-hemorrhagic rectocolitis); Polyps and polyposis;
Benign and malignant tumors.
ANAL TRACT : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hemorrhoids; Benign and malignant tumors.
PERITONEUS: Acute inflammation; Effusions; Benign and malignant tumors.
LIVER and INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology and
physiologic morphology. Acute and chronic hepatitis ; Alcolic and nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, Steatosis, Cirrhosis . Benign and malignant tumors of the liver. Tumors of
intrahepatic biliary tract.
GALLBLADDER and EXTRA-HEPATIC BILIARY TRACT: Embryology, development, histology
and physiologic morphology. Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; Benign and malignant
neoplasms of the gallbladder and the main biliary tract.
PANCREAS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Acute and
chronic pancreatitis; Cystic fibrosis; Cysts and pseudo cysts; Benign and malignant tumors
of the exocrine pancreas.
PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
PITUITARY: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Clinical
Manifestations of Pituitary Disease. Pituitary Adenomas and Hyperpituitarism
(Prolactinomas; Growth Hormone Cell / Somatotroph Adenomas. ACTH Cell Corticotroph
Adenomas. Other Anterior Pituitary Adenomas). Hypopituitarism. Pituitary Carcinoma.
Posterior Pituitary Syndromes. Hypothalamic Suprasellar Tumors (Gliomas.
Craniopharyngiomas).
PINEAL: Pinealomas.
THYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism (Cretinism. Myxedema). Thyroiditis (Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Subacute / Granulomatous. Thyroiditis. Subacute Lymphocytic / Painless Thyroiditis).
Graves’ Disease. Diffuse and Multinodular Goiters (Diffuse Nontoxic /Simple Goiter.
Multinodular Goiter). Neoplasms of the Thyroid (Adenomas. Carcinomas).
PARATHYROID: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Hyperparathyroidism (Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism).
Hypoparathyroidism. Pseudohypoparathyroidism.
ADRENAL: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Adrenal
Cortex: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Hyperadrenalism (Hypercortisolism (Cushing
Syndrome). Primary Hyperaldosteronism. Adrenogenital Syndromes). Adrenocortical
Insufficiency (Primary Acute Adrenocortical Insufficiency. Waterhouse-Friderichsen
Syndrome. Primary Chronic Adrenocortical Insufficiency /Addison Disease. Secondary
Adrenocortical Insufficiency). Adrenocortical Neoplasms. Other Lesions of the adrenal
cortex. Adrenal Medulla: Pheochromocytoma. Other Lesions of the adrenal medulla.
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: Diabetes Mellitus. Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms
(Hyperinsulinism / Insulinoma. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome / Gastrinomas).
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYNDROMES (MEN): Type 1; Type 2.
PATHOLOGY OF THE BREAST
Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Inflammatory and
reactive lesions. Benign papillary tumors. Fibroepithelial neoplasm (fibroadenomas and
phylloids tumors). Flat epithelial atypia. Adenosis, ductal hyperplasia, atypical ductal
hyperplasia. In situ carcinoma: ductal and lobular. Invasive carcinomas : no special types
(NST), lobular, tubular, medullary. Prognostic and predictive markers : molecular
classification, endocrine responsive neoplasm, triple negative tumors neoadjuvant
chemotherapy breast changes. Mesenchimal neoplasm. Male breast pathology:
gynecomastia, tumors.
PATHOLOGY OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT
VULVA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
VAGINA : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease, precursor lesions, neoplastic lesions.
CERVIX : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology, benign
disease and cytologic screening of the cervix (PAP Test).
Precancerous lesions of the cervix. HPV infections and natural history of cervical
carcinoma. Squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
ENDOMETRIUM : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Benign
pathology, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma. Molecular classification of
endometrial carcinomas. Carcinosarcomas. Stromal tumors.
MYOMETRIUM : leyomiomas. Leyomiosarcomas.
FALLOPPIAN TUBE and OVARY : Embryology, development, histology and physiologic
morphology. Non neoplastic lesions. Epithelial tumors of the ovary. Sex cord stromal tumors of the ovary. Germ cell tumors of the ovary. Metastatic tumors to the ovary.
DISEASES OF THE PLACENTA
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC TUMORS
PATHOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITAL TRACT
PENIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology. Congenital
Anomalies (Hypospadias and Epispadias. Phimosis). Inflammation. Benign and malignant
tumors.
TESTIS and EPIDIDYMIS: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Congenital Anomalies (Cryptorchidism). Regressive Changes (Atrophy and Decreased
fertility). Inflammation (Nonspecific epididymitis and orchitis. Granulomatous /autoimmune
orchitis. Specific inflammations). Vascular Disorders (Torsion). Tumors of spermatic cord and
4epididymis. Testicular Tumors (Germ cell tumors. Tumors of sex cord–gonadal stroma.
Gonadoblastoma. Testicular lymphoma). Lesions of tunica vaginalis.
PROSTATE: Embryology, development, histology and physiologic morphology.
Inflammation. Benign Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / BPH or Nodular
Hyperplasia). Tumors (Adenocarcinoma, Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions).

Recommended textbooks:
o Robbins & Cotran Pathologic: Basis of Disease
Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster, 10th Ed (2021), Elsevier o Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine 7th Ed., Editor David S. Strayer and Emanuel Rubin, 2015, Wolters Kluwer Health
The student will be received additional didactic material, such as presentations and scientific articles.