Teaching - UniCamillus

Pharmacology (objectives)

Code

90258

Language

ENG

Type of certificate

Profit certificate

Credits	1
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	BIO/14
Contact Hours	10
Personal Study Hours	-
Type of Activity	Core compulsory activities

Credits	7
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code	BIO/14
Contact Hours	70
Personal Study Hours	-
Type of Activity	Core compulsory activities

Teacher	Faraoni Isabella (syllabus) • PHARMACOKINETICS Definition of drug ADME of drugs: routes of drug administration, distribution in our body, metabolism and elimination Concepts of bioavailability and bioequivalence of drugs Drug kinetics, after single and repeated administration Trade mark and generic drugs, biotechnologic drugs (monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors), biosimilar drugs • FARMACODYNAMICS Drugs mechanism of action: receptorial and non-receptorial drugs. Different types of drug receptors Therapeutic, unwanted and adverse effects of drugs Agonists, partial agonists, antagonists, allosteric and orthosteric modulators Conformational changes in drugs receptor after drug binding • DRUGS EFFECTS Therapeutic index and risks/benefits ratio evaluation Dose-effect and time-effect curves, of wanted and unwanted reactions to drugs Tolerance and dependence • VARIABILITY IN DRUGS RESPONSE Pharmacogenomics: individual variability in drugs response, due to genetic variants of target proteins and enzymes involved in drugs metabolism Concept of personalized medicine (related to gender, age, comorbidity). Drug interactions • DRUGS DEVELOPMENT Methods of development and discovery of new drugs Experimental pre-clinical e clinical studies aimed at new drugs marketing • AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS Agonists and antagonists (nicotinic and muscarinic) of cholinergic system Cholinesterase inhibitors Adrenergic drugs: selective α-β stimulants; selective and non-selective α-β antagonists • CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS Neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and neurohormones Neuromuscular blocking agents Drugs for migraine Antiemetics Local and general anesthetics Anxiolytics (benzodiazepines e non-benzodiazepines) Hypnotics and sedatives (benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines) Antipsychotics Antidepressants and mood stabilizers Antiepileptics Anti-Parkinson drugs Medications used to treat dementia and multiple sclerosis Histamine and anti-histamine Antispastics • DRUGS USED TO RELIEVE PAIN, TO TREAT INFLAMMATION AND FEVER Prostaglandins, tromboxans, prostacyclins Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics and antipyretics, COX-1 and COX-2 selective inhibitors Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (SAIDs) Drugs used to treat gout Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) Opioids • DRUGS AFFECTING THE CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION Antihypertensives Myocardial infarction medications Drugs used to treat heart failure and acute pulmonary edema Antianginal drugs Antidyslipidemic drugs Antiplatelet drugs Thrombolytic drugs Anticoagulants Antiarrhythmic drugs • GASTROINTESTINAL PHARMACOLOGY Antiulcer drugs Laxatives, anti-diarrheal agents Drugs used to treat gallstones Drugs used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases • DRUGS AFFECTING THE RESPIRATORY FUNCTION Drugs for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Bronchodilators: β-agonists; PDE inhibitors, anticholinergics Antileukotrienes Corticosteroids Mast cell stabilizers Antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants • ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones Adrenal gland hormones Insulin, glucose-lowering agents and agents used to treat hypoglycemia Androgens, estrogens, progestins and antagonists Contraceptives Drugs use in pregnancy. Drugs that affect uterine motility • IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Immunosuppressants and immunostimulants • ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Principles of antimicrobial chemotherapy: resistance, drugs selection, drugs combination, side effects. Inhibitors of bacterial cell wall synthesis Inhibitors of β-lactamase Cell membrane targeting antibiotics Protein synthesis inhibitors Antibiotic that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis Antituberculosis Antifungals Antiprotozoans Anthelmintics Antivirals • ANTICANCER AGENTS Principles of cancer chemotherapy New target of cancer chemotherapy Alkylating agents Antimitotic agents Topoisomerase I e II inhibitors Antimetabolites Antineoplastic antibiotics Enzymes Antihormones Immunomodulators Monoclonal antibodies Kinases inhibitors Proteasome inhibitors PARP inhibitors (reference books) a) LL Brunton, R Hilal-Dandan, BC Knollmann. “Goodman and Gilman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics”, XIII edition, McGraw Hill, 2018. b) BG Katzung, AJ Trevor. “Basic and clinical pharmacology”. 14th Edition, McGraw Hill Education, 2018. c) JM Ritter, Rj Flower, G Henderson, YK Loke, D MacEwan, HP Rang. Rang & Dale's Pharmacology, 9th Edition, Elsevier, 2019
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities	From to
Delivery mode	Traditional
Attendance	Mandatory
Evaluation methods	Written test Oral exam

Teacher	Ceci Claudia (syllabus) • PHARMACOKINETICS Definition of drug ADME of drugs: routes of drug administration, distribution in our body, metabolism and elimination Concepts of bioavailability and bioequivalence of drugs Drug kinetics, after single and repeated administration Trade mark and generic drugs, biotechnologic drugs (monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors), biosimilar drugs • FARMACODYNAMICS Drugs mechanism of action: receptorial and non-receptorial drugs. Different types of drug receptors Therapeutic, unwanted and adverse effects of drugs Agonists, partial agonists, antagonists, allosteric and orthosteric modulators Conformational changes in drugs receptor after drug binding • DRUGS EFFECTS Therapeutic index and risks/benefits ratio evaluation Dose-effect and time-effect curves, of wanted and unwanted reactions to drugs Tolerance and dependence • VARIABILITY IN DRUGS RESPONSE Pharmacogenomics: individual variability in drugs response, due to genetic variants of target proteins and enzymes involved in drugs metabolism Concept of personalized medicine (related to gender, age, comorbidity). Drug interactions • DRUGS DEVELOPMENT Methods of development and discovery of new drugs Experimental pre-clinical e clinical studies aimed at new drugs marketing • AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS Agonists and antagonists (nicotinic and muscarinic) of cholinergic system Cholinesterase inhibitors Adrenergic drugs: selective α-β stimulants; selective and non-selective α-β antagonists • CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS Neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and neurohormones Neuromuscular blocking agents Drugs for migraine Antiemetics Local and general anesthetics Anxiolytics (benzodiazepines e non-benzodiazepines) Hypnotics and sedatives (benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines) Antipsychotics Antidepressants and mood stabilizers Antiepileptics Anti-Parkinson drugs Medications used to treat dementia and multiple sclerosis Histamine and anti-histamine Antispastics • DRUGS USED TO RELIEVE PAIN, TO TREAT INFLAMMATION AND FEVER Prostaglandins, tromboxans, prostacyclins Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics and antipyretics, COX-1 and COX-2 selective inhibitors Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (SAIDs) Drugs used to treat gout Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDS) Opioids • DRUGS AFFECTING THE CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION Antihypertensives Myocardial infarction medications Drugs used to treat heart failure and acute pulmonary edema Antianginal drugs Antidyslipidemic drugs Antiplatelet drugs Thrombolytic drugs Anticoagulants Antiarrhythmic drugs • GASTROINTESTINAL PHARMACOLOGY Antiulcer drugs Laxatives, anti-diarrheal agents Drugs used to treat gallstones Drugs used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases • DRUGS AFFECTING THE RESPIRATORY FUNCTION Drugs for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Bronchodilators: β-agonists; PDE inhibitors, anticholinergics Antileukotrienes Corticosteroids Mast cell stabilizers Antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants • ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones Adrenal gland hormones Insulin, glucose-lowering agents and agents used to treat hypoglycemia Androgens, estrogens, progestins and antagonists Contraceptives Drugs use in pregnancy. Drugs that affect uterine motility • IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Immunosuppressants and immunostimulants • ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Principles of antimicrobial chemotherapy: resistance, drugs selection, drugs combination, side effects. Inhibitors of bacterial cell wall synthesis Inhibitors of β-lactamase Cell membrane targeting antibiotics Protein synthesis inhibitors Antibiotic that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis Antituberculosis Antifungals Antiprotozoans Anthelmintics Antivirals • ANTICANCER AGENTS Principles of cancer chemotherapy New target of cancer chemotherapy Alkylating agents Antimitotic agents Topoisomerase I e II inhibitors Antimetabolites Antineoplastic antibiotics Enzymes Antihormones Immunomodulators Monoclonal antibodies Kinases inhibitors Proteasome inhibitors PARP inhibitors (reference books) a) LL Brunton, R Hilal-Dandan, BC Knollmann. “Goodman and Gilman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics”, XIII edition, McGraw Hill, 2018. b) BG Katzung, AJ Trevor. “Basic and clinical pharmacology”. 14th Edition, McGraw Hill Education, 2018. c) JM Ritter, Rj Flower, G Henderson, YK Loke, D MacEwan, HP Rang. Rang & Dale's Pharmacology, 9th Edition, Elsevier, 2019
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities	From to
Delivery mode	Traditional
Attendance	Mandatory
Evaluation methods	Written test Oral exam