General pathology and microbiology
(objectives)
Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Knowledge of the following objective will be essential: structure of different microorganisms, microbial pathogenicity, interactions between micro-organism and host, causes and mechanisms of onset of the main microbial aetiology diseases. In addition, general knowledge on microbiological diagnostics will be essential for the identification of bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. These objectives will be achieved through frontal lectures, seminars and interactive teaching activities, designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to address and solve the main questions of Clinical Microbiology.
General Patology The course is inserted within the general objectives of the Degree Course in Physiotherapy with the aim to study the alterations of the biochemical/molecular processes during the onset of diseases. The course will describe the mechanisms, the risk factors and the effects of the main pathologies in the fields of Physiotherapy. In particular, the objectives of the course will be to know: the meaning of disease status and its pathological change;
the physical, chemical, genetic and biological factors that contribute to the onset of diseases;
the fundamental mechanisms of defence of the cells, tissues, organs and organism; the molecular and cellular basis of the inflammatory diseases; the fundamental stages of carcinogenesis and the role of genetic and environmental risk factors at the basis of the tumoral transformation; the molecular basis of benign and malignant tumors in humans, the main types of neoplasia and the classification criteria of tumors. The course will help to provide the student with tools that will enable him/her to improve the skills to communicate with other professional figures (doctors, nurses, psychologists) that will take care of the patient in a multidisciplinary approach. Finally, the student will be induced to ameliorate his/her skills for an independent study and will acquire the functional methodological tools for an autonomous update.
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Code
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90099 |
Language
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ENG |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Module: MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(objectives)
Knowledge of the following objective will be essential: structure of different microorganisms, microbial pathogenicity, interactions between micro-organism and host, causes and mechanisms of onset of the main microbial aetiology diseases. In addition, general knowledge on microbiological diagnostics will be essential for the identification of bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. These objectives will be achieved through frontal lectures, seminars and interactive teaching activities, designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to address and solve the main questions of Clinical Microbiology.
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Language
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ENG |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/07
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Armenia Daniele
(syllabus)
Characteristics of the main infection agents. Vital associations: commensalism, mutualism, parasitism. Associated microbial flora. Generalities on infection diseases: infectious ratio, infection and disease, endogenous infection, exogenous infections, opportunistic infections. IMMUNOLOGY - Concept of innate immunity and acquired immunity. Role of the immune response in different infections. Survival of infection agents to immunity mechanisms. Principles of microbiological diagnostics. BATTERIOLOGY - The bacterial cell: structure and essential functions. Gram negative and Gram positive. The bacterial spore. Cultivation of bacteria: growth and development of bacterial populations. Elements of bacterial genetics: mutations and mechanisms of genetic recombination. Principles of pathogenicity and virulence. Bacterial toxins: exotoxins and endotoxins. Mode of action of the main antibacterial drugs. Resistance to chemotherapy and antibiotics. Examples of bacteria of orthopaedic/physiotherapeutic interest and associated pathologies. VIROLOGY -Nature, methods of study and classification of viruses. Composition and architecture of the viral particle. Cultivation of viruses. Virus-cell relationship: productive infection, transforming infection. Virus-to-host relationships: acute, persistent, latent, slow infections. Pathogenic mechanisms in viral infections. Vaccines and basis of antiviral chemotherapy. Examples of viruses of medical interest and associated diseases. MYCOLOGY -Habitat and morphology of fungi (yeasts, mycelial fungi). Fungal cell structure. Examples of fungi of medical interest and associated diseases. PARASITOLOGY - The protozoa cell: morphology and structure. Main characteristics of Helminths and Arthropods. Examples of parasites of medical interest and associated pathologies.
(reference books)
Title: The basics of Microbiology Authors: Richard A. Harvey, Pamela C. Champe Bruce D. Fisher
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Module: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
(objectives)
Knowledge of the origin and physiopathological mechanisms underlying the infectious, inflammatory, metabolic, degenerative and neoplastic processes of the human pathology. Knowledge of the environmental and genetic causes of the main human diseases and the study of the fundamental mechanisms of cellular and tissue damage of etiological agents and health changes. Knowledge of the disease status and the main causes of cellular and tissue damage; the reaction of the organism in response to cellular and tissue damage: the cellular adaptation processes and inflammation, with the related regeneration, healing and repair processes. The mechanisms underlying the development of tumor growths and the characteristics of neoplastic cells. The stages of the development of neoplasms and the differences between benign and malignant neoplasms.
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Language
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ENG |
Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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1
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/04
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Contact Hours
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10
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Cardillo Andrea
(syllabus)
The concept of disease: the disease as an alteration of the normal state; the disease as a modification of the organism's homeostasis; illness as a loss of health. Morbid state. Syndrome. Etiology: the concept of "cause" in pathology. Pathogenesis. General etiology. Chemical causes (environmental pollutants). Physical causes (high and low temperatures, variations in atmospheric pressure). Feeding as a cause of illness. The cellular response to damage. Reversibility and irreversibility of cellular lesions. Cellular adaptation processes to injury (atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia) and hypoxia. Cell death. Necrosis, apoptosis and other types of cell death: morphological aspects, molecular mechanisms. Evaluation of cellular damage with serum-enzymatic techniques. Inflammation and repair of injuries. Innate immunity and acute inflammatory reaction: tissue, vascular, cellular and molecular aspects, systemic manifestations (leukocytosis, acute phase response, fever). Chronic inflammation: role of macrophages and lymphocytes, polarized responses of type 1 and 2, granulomas. The healing of tissue lesions: tissue, cellular and molecular aspects. Fibrogenesis, fibrosis and pathological aspects of tissue repair. General Oncology. The concept of neoplasia. Histogenetic and clinical classification criteria of benignity and malignancy. Tumor atypia. Cancer markers. Natural history of the tumor: dormant state, angiogenesis, infiltrative growth, metastasis. Metastatic pathways, metastasis organotropism. Chemical cause of tumors, experimental carcinogenesis, multi-phase carcinogenesis, concept of tumor progression. Physical cause of tumors: ionizing and exciting radiation, oncogenic DNA and RNA viruses. Cellular proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes. Regulation of normal and neoplastic proliferation. Genie that controls progression in the cell cycle and senescence. Genomic instability. Neoplastic cachexia. Epigenetic mechanisms altered in tumors. TNM classification.
(reference books)
Kumar, Abbas and Aster - Robbins and Cotran - Pathologic basis of disease. Elsevier. Pathology and General Physiopathology for the Degree courses in Health Professions (G.M. Pontieri, Piccin Edizioni).
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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not mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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