| I.C. Biological and biochemical foundations of living systems
(objectives)
The main objective of the course is to acquire knowledge relating to the physiological and morphological characteristics of cells, as functional units of living organisms. The key to any biological problem can, in fact, be sought at the cellular level.
Another important goal is the use of the experimental method as a means of understanding the biological mechanisms that regulate life and a tool for the study of pathological processes.
The course aims to introduce the student to the radiological discipline and to provide him with the basic knowledge of radiation physics and radiobiology. Knowledge of the main biological macromolecules. Knowledge of the functioning mechanism of enzymes.
General knowledge of the main metabolic pathways and, in more detail, of the main pathway of glucose catabolism. The purpose of the Medical Genetics course is to provide students with the main knowledge on the inheritance of monogenic, chromosomal and multifactorial diseases.
At the end of the course the student will be able to distinguish the main classes of genetic diseases and to recognize their transmission methods. Knowledge of the structure of the various microorganisms, of the microbial pathogenicity, of the causes and mechanisms of onset of the main diseases with microbial ethology are essential objectives.
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Code
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90171 |
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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| Module: Applied biology
(objectives)
The main objective of the course is the acquisition of knowledge related to the physiological and morphological characteristics of cells, as functional units of living organisms.
Another important goal is to utilize the experimental method to understand the biological mechanisms that regulate life and as a tool for the study of pathological processes.
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/13
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Nardacci Roberta
(syllabus)
• Life origin. Cell theory. Eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell. Bacteria and archaea. Viruses.
• Structure and functions of biological molecules. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids. Water and pH.
• How to study cells (light and electron microscopes and the tools of biochemistry)
• Cellular compartments and intracellular organelles (plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, lysosomes, vacuoles).
• Molecules movement and cells. Passive transport, active transport, endocytosis (phagocytosis & pinocytosis), exocytosis.
• The nucleic acids. DNA and RNA. Transcription and translation. Regulation of gene expression.
• Cell cycle. Types of cell division in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes (mitosis and meiosis).
• Protein biosynthesis.
• Sexual reproduction and its evolutionary significance.
• Tissue, stem cells, and Cancer. Genes that are critical for cancer: proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
(reference books)
Bruce Alberts, Karen Hopkin, Alexander D. Johnson, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter. “Essential Cell Biology (Fifth Edition)”. Casa editrice: W. W. Norton & Company. 2019
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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| Module: Radiobiology
(objectives)
The course aims to introduce the student to the radiological discipline and to provide him with basic knowledge of radiation physics and radiobiology.
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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1
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/36
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Contact Hours
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10
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Type of Activity
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Core compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Altobelli Simone
(syllabus)
1. Definition and physical principles of Radiation and distinction between types of radiation (Non-Ionizing Radiation and Ionizing Radiation).
2. Main sources of natural and artificial radiation. Radioactivity and radioactive decay
3. Effects of radiation on DNA and mechanisms of repair of radiation-induced damage; effects of exposure to radiation of tissues, organs and the whole organism
4. Use of radiation in Diagnostic Imaging
(reference books)
1. Radiobiology for the radiologist / Eric J. Hall, Amato J. Giaccia.—7th ed.
2. Bontrager’s Handbook of Radiographic Positioning and Techniques 9th Edition by Lampignano John; Kendrick, Leslie E.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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| Module: Biochemistry
(objectives)
Knowledge of the main biological macromolecules. Knowledge of enzymes functioning and kinetics.
General knowledge of the main metabolic pathways and, in more detail, of the glucose catabolism pathways.
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/10
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Mei Giampiero
(syllabus)
A. Structure / function of biological molecules
Protein structure: amino acids; peptide bond; primary structure; secondary tertiary and quaternary.
Functions of proteins. Myoglobin and and moglobin.
Enzymes: characteristics and functioning; mechanisms of enzymatic inhibition.
B. Glucose catabolism
The anaerobic catabolic pathway: glycolysis and fermentation
The aerobic catabolic pathway: the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
The regulation: hormones and vitamins
C. Catabolism of fatty acids
Beta oxidation
Ketogenesis
(reference books)
- ”Biochemistry”, D. R. Ferrier Wolters Kluwer;
- “Lehningher principles of biochemistry”, D. L. Nelson, M.M. Cox (2017) W.H. Freeman & Co.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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| Module: Clinical biochemistry and molecular biology
(objectives)
Comprehension and knowledge of chemico-physical and molecular mechanisms which are at the base of vital processes. Knowledge of chemical compounds and comprehension of chemical reactions involved in biological processes. The study of these scientific subjects will allow the student to understand the molecular basis of relevant clinical processes and the principles of diagnostic and therapeutic application in clinical practice.
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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2
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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BIO/12
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Contact Hours
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20
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Sbardella Diego
(syllabus)
Introduction remarks. Periodic table of elements and inorganic nomenclature. Atom: atom models, atomic particles: proton, neutron, electron. Isotopes. Electrons and atom electronic configuration. The quantum-mechanical model of the atom. Quantum numbers and orbitals. Auf-bau. Chemical bonds.
Matter states. Gas: ideal gas law. Absolute temperature and its relation with mean molecular speed. Mixture of gases; Dalton law. Liquids: vapor pressure of a liquid. Solids: structural characteristics of covalent, ionic, molecular and metallic solids.
Solutions. Concentrations of solutions: dilution and mixing of solutions. Vapor pressure of a solution (Raoult law). Solubility of gases in liquids: Henry law.
Chemical equilibrium. Equilibrium in gaseous phase. Expression of equilibrium constant. Kp and Kc relationship. Equilibrium influencing factors. Homogeneus and hetherogeneus equilibrium.
Solutions of electrolytes. Strong and weak electrolytes: dissociation grade. Colligative properties of electrolyte solutions. Van't Hoff binomial. Acid and bases following Arrhenius, Bronsted and Lowry definitions. Strong and weak acid and bases. pH in strong and weak acid and base solutions. Buffers. Acid-base titrations.
Heterogeneous systems. Equilibria of slightly soluble ionic compounds. The solubility-product constant. The effect of a common ion.
Carbon atom hybridization. Hydrocarbons. Aromatic compounds. Benzene structure: resonance model. Aromatic compounds nomenclature.
Alcohols, phenols, thiols. Nomenclature. Thiols. Aldehydes and ketones. Nomenclature. Aldehydes and ketones preparation. Carbonylic group. Acetals and hemiacetals formation. Aldol condensation.
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Nomenclature. Carboxylic acid derivatives: esters, anhydrides, amides.
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Amino acids, Proteins and Vitamins. Principles of energetic metabolism.
(reference books)
Peter Atkins , Loretta Jones, Leroy Laverman Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
Chemistry by M.S. Silderberg, McGraw-Hill International Edition.
Katherine J Denniston, Joseph J Topping and Robert L Caret. General, Organic & Biochemistry. 7th Ed. 2010. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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| Module: Genetics
(objectives)
The aim of the course of Medical Genetics is to provide to students the knowledge on the main notions on inheritance of monogenic, chromosomal and multifactorial diseases.
At the end of the course the student will be able to distinguish the main classes of genetic diseases and to recognize the modes of transmission of hereditary diseases.
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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1
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/03
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Contact Hours
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10
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Ciccacci Cinzia
(syllabus)
Basic Genetics: Definitions of Key Terms: gene, locus, allele, genotype, phenotype, haplotype, homozygous, heterozygous, haploid, diploid, dominance, recessivity, codominance.
Mutations and polymorphisms.
Principles of Genetic Transmission: Mendel's Genetic Hypothesis, The Monohybrid Crosses, Segregation in Human Pedigrees, Blood groups Genetics
Monogenic Inheritance Models: Autosomal inheritance,Autosomal recessive inheritance, X-linked inheritance
Genetic Risk calculation and pedigrees
Chromosomes: Structure and Analysis, Chromosomes Pathologies
Multifactorial inheritance: polimorphisms, susceptibility genes, gene-environment interaction, association studies
Genetic tests. Outlines
(reference books)
Lectures in pdf format will be provided to students.
Recommended books: “Medical Genetics” by Lynn Jorde John Carey Michael Bamshad. Edited by Elsevier
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Written test
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| Module: Microbiology
(objectives)
Knowledge of the structure of the various microorganisms, of the microbial pathogenicity, of the causes and mechanisms of onset of the main microbial aetiologies are essential objectives. These objectives will be achieved through frontal lectures, seminars and interactive teaching activities, designed to facilitate learning and improve the ability to identify potential microbiological problems during professional activity.
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Language
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ENG |
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Type of certificate
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Profit certificate
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Credits
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1
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Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
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MED/07
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Contact Hours
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10
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Type of Activity
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Basic compulsory activities
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Teacher
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Armenia Daniele
(syllabus)
Basic principles of microbiology
Morphology and structure of the bacterial cell
Structure of bacterial spores and sporulation process
Gram stain and staining for acid resistance
Metabolism, growth and bacterial replication
Sterilization, disinfection, asepsis
Morphology of viral particles
Cell tropism and host spectrum
Viral enzymes
Classification of viruses
Stages of viral replication
Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis
Demonstration of causal nature between pathogen and disease: Koch postulates
Normal microbial flora of our organism
"Host-microorganism" interactions: Commensalism -Mutualism - Parasitism
Factors that influence the "host -microrganism" balance
Mode of transmission of the infection
Stages of the infectious process
Factors of bacterial virulence
Mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and of interaction with the host:
Transmission mode
Stages of the infectious process
Localized and disseminated infection
State of persistence and latency
Viral oncogenesis
Cytopathic effect induced by viruses
Expression of genes and / or cellular proteins
(reference books)
Title: The basics of Microbiology
Authors: Richard A. Harvey, Pamela C. Champe Bruce D. Fisher
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Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
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From to |
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Delivery mode
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Traditional
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Attendance
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Mandatory
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Evaluation methods
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Oral exam
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